Amazon Braket

In 2024-2025, Amazon Braket expanded significantly through partnerships and hardware additions. NVIDIA and AWS announced a collaboration to advance quantum computing research by integrating NVIDIA’s quantum-classical computing platform, NVIDIA CUDA-Q, with Amazon Braket, allowing researchers to leverage hybrid quantum-classical workflows. IQM Quantum Computers made its 20-qubit quantum processing unit, IQM Garnet, available through Amazon Braket in the AWS Europe (Stockholm) Region, marking the first quantum processing unit available to AWS customers within the European Union in a self-service, on-demand model. IonQ announced continued collaboration with AWS, making IonQ’s Forte system (delivering 36 algorithmic qubits) available on Amazon Braket. Amazon Braket continues to provide access to multiple quantum hardware providers including QuEra’s 256-qubit Aquila neutral atom system, supporting the AQC25 conference bringing together stakeholders from MIT, Yale, USC, Google Quantum AI, and others.

Argonne National Laboratory

Argonne National Laboratory is a USA national laboratory founded July 1, 1946, located in Lemont, Illinois, operated by University of Chicago for United States Department of Energy. Argonne pursues research spanning theory, algorithms, simulations, and modeling of quantum systems leveraging supercomputing resources and multi-qubit hardware platforms. The laboratory operates quantum computing testbeds integrating quantum processors with high-performance computing infrastructure enabling hybrid quantum-classical algorithms. Argonne conducts quantum computing research across superconducting qubits, quantum algorithms, quantum networking, and quantum simulation applications. The laboratory is one of five DOE National Quantum Information Science Research Centers with over 1,500 experts collaborating across quantum research initiatives. Argonne serves scientific research community, government agencies, and industry partners requiring quantum computing applications in chemistry, materials science, optimization, and machine learning advancing quantum computational advantage for national security and energy applications.

BBN Technologies

BBN Technologies (Raytheon BBN Technologies) is a high-technology research and development company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, founded in 1948, conducting superconducting quantum computing research. BBN Technologies is recognized among companies conducting research in superconducting quantum computing alongside Google, IBM, Rigetti, and Intel. The organization developed quantum communication protocols and quantum networking technologies, contributing to early quantum key distribution systems and quantum network architectures. BBN Technologies, now part of Raytheon Technologies, conducts quantum computing research focused on quantum processors, quantum networking, and quantum algorithms. The company serves government agencies and research institutions requiring advanced quantum technologies for secure communications, quantum computing infrastructure, and quantum information processing applications.

Boeing

Boeing Company is an American multinational aerospace corporation founded July 15, 1916, headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, developing quantum networking and quantum communication technologies through Disruptive Computing & Networks unit serving as company’s nexus for quantum research and development. Boeing announced planned 2026 launch of Q4S satellite designed to demonstrate quantum entanglement swapping capabilities on orbit, positioned as world’s first quantum entanglement swapping demonstration aboard satellite. Boeing partnered with Chicago Quantum Exchange with $3.5 million investment supporting quantum research and talent development in quantum communications and sensing. Boeing partnered with IBM Quantum on optimization problems for composite materials design used in aircraft wings, joined Northwest Quantum Nexus at University of Washington alongside AWS, and signed DOE’s Quantum in Space Collaboration focusing on quantum technologies for space applications. Boeing builds quantum networks connecting quantum devices globally for secure communications and enhanced sensing capabilities serving aerospace and defense quantum technology requirements.

Brookhaven National Laboratory

Brookhaven National Laboratory is a USA national laboratory founded in 1947, located in Upton, New York, operating under United States Department of Energy. Brookhaven leads Co-design Center for Quantum Advantage (C2QA), one of five DOE National Quantum Information Science Research Centers established in 2020, directed by Andrew Houck. C2QA brings together experts to co-design quantum hardware, software, and algorithms to achieve quantum advantage. The laboratory conducts quantum computing research spanning superconducting qubits, quantum algorithms, quantum networking, and quantum sensors. Brookhaven operates quantum computing testbeds and collaborates with over 1,500 experts across 115 academic, industry, and national science institutions. The laboratory serves quantum computing research community, government agencies, and industry partners requiring fundamental quantum research, quantum algorithm development, and quantum hardware co-design advancing towards practical quantum advantage for scientific applications in physics, chemistry, materials science, and national security.

BT Group

BT Group plc (formerly British Telecom) is a British multinational telecommunications company founded in 1846, headquartered in London, United Kingdom. BT conducts pioneering quantum networking research deploying quantum key distribution (QKD) networks and quantum-safe telecommunications infrastructure. The company established quantum-secured network connections and collaborates with quantum technology providers advancing practical quantum communications deployments. BT invests in post-quantum cryptography preparing telecommunications infrastructure for quantum computing threats. BT serves UK telecommunications markets, enterprise customers, government agencies, and critical infrastructure sectors requiring quantum-safe communications and quantum network infrastructure. The company contributes to UK National Quantum Technologies Programme advancing quantum communications and quantum networking for telecommunications industry. BT positions UK as leader in quantum-safe telecommunications protecting communications infrastructure against emerging quantum computing threats.

Caltech

California Institute of Technology is a private research university founded September 23 1891 located in Pasadena California prominent leader in quantum research through Institute for Quantum Information and Matter focusing on theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum information science including quantum computation and quantum many-body physics. In September 2025, Caltech scientists built a record-breaking array of 6,100 neutral-atom qubits, announced on September 25, 2025, representing a critical step toward powerful error-corrected quantum computers and demonstrating Caltech’s leadership in neutral atom quantum computing technology. The upcoming Dr. Allen and Charlotte Ginsburg Center for Quantum Precision Measurement set to open in 2025 will bolster capabilities uniting quantum research disciplines. Caltech conducts quantum research spanning quantum algorithms quantum error correction quantum materials quantum sensors quantum networks and quantum simulation. The university quantum programs have produced numerous breakthrough discoveries and quantum technology spinouts including PINC Technologies serving quantum research community through fundamental quantum research and quantum education programs.

China Mobile

China Mobile Limited is a Chinese state-owned telecommunications company founded in 1997, headquartered in Beijing, China, world’s largest mobile network operator by subscribers. China Mobile deploys quantum communication networks including quantum key distribution (QKD) infrastructure and quantum-safe telecommunications systems across China. The company collaborates with Chinese quantum technology companies advancing practical quantum communications deployments for secure mobile communications and quantum internet development. China Mobile invests in quantum networking research supporting China national quantum communications infrastructure. The company serves Chinese telecommunications markets including enterprise customers, government agencies, and critical infrastructure requiring quantum-safe communications. China Mobile contributes to China quantum technology leadership advancing quantum communications at scale and quantum networking for telecommunications industry representing Chinese telecommunications quantum capabilities.

China Telecom

China Telecommunications Corporation (China Telecom) is a Chinese state-owned telecommunications company founded in 2000, headquartered in Beijing, China. China Telecom deploys quantum communication infrastructure including quantum key distribution (QKD) networks as part of China national quantum strategy. The company demonstrated quantum encrypted video conferencing and quantum secure communications for government and enterprise clients. China Telecom collaborates with Chinese quantum technology providers advancing practical quantum communications deployments across China. The company invests in quantum networking research supporting quantum internet development. China Telecom serves telecommunications markets including enterprises government and critical infrastructure requiring quantum-safe communications. The company contributes to China quantum technology leadership advancing large-scale quantum communications networks and quantum-safe telecommunications infrastructure representing Chinese national quantum capabilities.

China Unicom

China United Network Communications Group Co., Ltd. (China Unicom) is a Chinese state-owned telecommunications operator founded in 1994, headquartered in Beijing, China. China Unicom deploys quantum communication networks including quantum key distribution (QKD) infrastructure as part of China national quantum communications strategy. The company collaborates with Chinese quantum technology companies advancing practical quantum communications deployments for secure telecommunications. China Unicom invests in quantum networking research supporting quantum internet development and quantum-safe communications infrastructure. The company serves Chinese telecommunications markets including enterprise customers government agencies and critical infrastructure requiring quantum-safe communications. China Unicom contributes to China quantum technology leadership advancing quantum communications networks at national scale and quantum networking for telecommunications industry representing Chinese telecommunications quantum infrastructure development.

Cisco

Cisco Systems Inc. is a San Jose-based technology company founded in 1984, developing quantum networking technology and quantum internet infrastructure through Cisco Quantum Labs established in Santa Monica and San Jose facilities. In May 2025, Cisco formally opened its Quantum Labs facility in Santa Monica, unveiling industry-first quantum technologies including network-aware distributed quantum compiler enabling quantum algorithms across multiple networked processors, vendor-agnostic quantum networking framework, and prototype quantum entanglement chip developed with UC Santa Barbara generating one million entangled photon pairs per second at room temperature. Cisco’s quantum networking vision accelerates practical quantum computing applications from decades to 5-10 years, creating foundation for quantum internet. Cisco announced industry-first compiler supporting distributed quantum error correction, working with any quantum computing technology to enable scalable quantum data centers and quantum communication networks worldwide. In September 2025, Cisco expanded its quantum networking software portfolio with enhanced network orchestration capabilities for quantum key distribution (QKD) networks, enabling enterprise-grade quantum-safe communications infrastructure and integration with existing network management systems for hybrid classical-quantum network deployments.

Cisco Quantum Labs

Cisco Quantum Labs is Cisco Systems Inc.’s quantum networking research division established in Santa Monica and San Jose facilities, founded in 2021. In May 2025, Cisco formally opened its Quantum Labs facility in Santa Monica, unveiling industry-first quantum technologies including network-aware distributed quantum compiler enabling quantum algorithms across multiple networked processors, vendor-agnostic quantum networking framework, and prototype quantum entanglement chip developed with UC Santa Barbara generating one million entangled photon pairs per second at room temperature. Cisco’s quantum networking vision accelerates practical quantum computing applications from decades to 5-10 years, creating foundation for quantum internet. In September 2025, Cisco expanded its quantum networking software portfolio with enhanced network orchestration capabilities for quantum key distribution (QKD) networks, enabling enterprise-grade quantum-safe communications infrastructure and integration with existing network management systems for hybrid classical-quantum network deployments. Cisco Quantum Labs serves telecommunications operators, enterprises, government agencies, and cloud providers requiring quantum networking infrastructure.

Deutsche Telekom

Deutsche Telekom AG is a German telecommunications company founded in 1995 headquartered in Bonn conducting pioneering quantum communications research and deployments. In 2023 Deutsche Telekom and Qunnect succeeded in stable transmission of entangled photons over 82 kilometers establishing milestone in quantum networking. Deutsche Telekom opened Quantum Lab in Berlin in 2023, a test laboratory including research fiber optic network allowing testing of latest quantum communication technology and quantum security concepts. The company develops quantum key distribution networks for ultra-secure communications and explores quantum networking for telecommunications infrastructure. Deutsche Telekom serves telecommunications operators enterprises government agencies and defense sectors requiring quantum-safe communications and quantum network infrastructure for critical data transmission.

Deutsche Telekom Quantum Division

Deutsche Telekom is a German telecommunications company founded in 1995 and headquartered in Bonn, Germany, with Quantum Division developing quantum-safe telecommunications infrastructure and quantum networking capabilities. In 2024, Deutsche Telekom tested Qunnect’s quantum technologies on its fiber networks, advancing practical quantum communications deployments on operational telecommunications infrastructure. The company collaborates with quantum technology providers advancing quantum key distribution (QKD) networks, post-quantum cryptography implementations, and quantum-safe telecommunications systems across European networks. Deutsche Telekom invests in quantum networking research supporting quantum internet development and preparing telecommunications infrastructure for quantum computing threats to current encryption standards. The company demonstrated quantum-secured network connections and deploys quantum-safe communications infrastructure for enterprise customers, government agencies, and critical infrastructure sectors. Deutsche Telekom serves European telecommunications markets requiring quantum-safe communications, quantum networking infrastructure, and post-quantum cryptography implementations protecting network security and customer data against emerging quantum computing capabilities.

Eurofiber

Eurofiber is a European telecommunications and fiber optic network provider founded in 2000, headquartered in Amsterdam, Netherlands, deploying quantum key distribution technology across its extensive fiber network. In February 2025, Eurofiber and QBird were awarded 1 million euros at Mobile World Congress Barcelona for their Quantum Key Distribution project by Dutch government. In October 2024, Eurofiber collaborated with QBird to integrate QKD technology into Eurofiber’s extensive fiber optic network connecting quantum communication networks in Amsterdam and Rotterdam. In April 2024, QuTech and Eurofiber ran quantum cryptography on existing fiber in an open testbed, demonstrating practical QKD deployment on operational telecommunications infrastructure. The project strengthens collaboration between network provider Eurofiber and quantum security company Q*Bird advancing quantum-safe communications infrastructure in Netherlands. Eurofiber serves telecommunications operators, enterprises, data centers, government agencies, and financial institutions requiring quantum-safe network connectivity and secure communications infrastructure preparing for quantum computing threats to current encryption standards.

Fujikura Quantum Division

Fujikura Ltd. is a Japanese electrical equipment and cable manufacturing company founded in 1885 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with Quantum Division developing optical components and fiber infrastructure for quantum communications networks. Fujikura manufactures specialized optical fibers, photonic components, and fiber optic cables supporting quantum key distribution (QKD) systems and quantum networking deployments. The company develops low-loss optical fibers optimized for quantum communications, single-photon compatible fiber components, and quantum networking hardware. Fujikura collaborates with Japanese telecommunications operators and quantum technology companies deploying quantum-safe communications infrastructure. The company participates in Japan’s national quantum secure networking initiatives providing essential optical infrastructure for quantum communications. Fujikura serves telecommunications operators, quantum technology companies, government agencies, and research institutions requiring specialized optical components and fiber infrastructure for quantum communications networks, QKD systems, and quantum internet development. The company brings over 135 years of optical fiber expertise to quantum communications infrastructure supporting Japan’s quantum technology leadership.

Harvard University

Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university founded 1636 in Cambridge Massachusetts. Central to Harvard quantum initiatives is Harvard Quantum Initiative uniting researchers from various disciplines to advance quantum science and engineering. In September 2025, a team of Harvard physicists led by Mikhail Lukin (Joshua and Beth Friedman University Professor) achieved a historic breakthrough by building the first quantum computer that can operate continuously for over 2 hours without restarting, published in Nature. The system operates an array of more than 3,000 qubits (neutral atoms) and theoretically could continue indefinitely, representing a massive improvement over existing quantum computers that typically run for milliseconds or at most 13 seconds. The breakthrough was achieved by replenishing qubits in real time, injecting new atoms at a rate of 300,000 per second using an optical lattice conveyor belt system to counteract atom loss and maintain quantum information, with over 50 million atoms cycled through the system during the two-hour demonstration. This transformative achievement demonstrates that quantum computers capable of running forever in practice are now just three years away (down from five+ years previously), marking a critical milestone toward practical, continuously operating quantum computing systems. Harvard Quantum Initiative is one of strongest in country heavily focused on quantum networking quantum chemistry and quantum materials research. Harvard conducts quantum research spanning quantum processors quantum algorithms quantum communication networks quantum simulation and quantum sensing. The university maintains partnerships with leading quantum companies including QuEra Computing and government agencies. Harvard serves quantum research community through fundamental quantum research quantum education programs and technology transfer advancing quantum information science and quantum technology commercialization supporting USA quantum leadership.

InfiniQuant GmbH

InfiniQuant is a German quantum key distribution company developing QKD systems for secure enterprise and telecom network communications. The company provides quantum-safe communication infrastructure based on quantum key distribution technology to protect against eavesdropping and quantum computer attacks. InfiniQuant serves telecommunications operators, government agencies, and enterprises requiring ultra-secure communications channels protected by the laws of quantum physics.

Company Information

• Founded: 2019
• Country: Germany
• Website: https://infiniquant.de
• Categories: QKD, quantum networking

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KDDI

KDDI Corporation is a Japanese telecommunications operator founded in 1984, headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. KDDI conducts quantum networking research deploying quantum key distribution (QKD) networks and quantum-safe telecommunications infrastructure in Japan. The company collaborates with quantum technology providers advancing practical quantum communications deployments including quantum encryption for secure communications. KDDI explores quantum networking technologies for ultra-secure telecommunications and quantum internet infrastructure development. The company serves Japanese telecommunications markets, enterprise customers, and government agencies requiring quantum-safe communications and quantum network infrastructure. KDDI contributes to Japan National Quantum Technology Innovation Strategy advancing quantum communications and quantum networking for telecommunications industry positioning Japan as quantum technology leader in Asia-Pacific region protecting telecommunications infrastructure against quantum computing threats.

Ki3 Photonics

Ki3 Photonics is a British photonics company specializing in advanced innovations for quantum networking and quantum computing using integrated photonics technology. The company develops photonic integrated circuits and components that enable scalable quantum communication networks and photonic quantum computing systems. Ki3 Photonics combines expertise in silicon photonics with quantum information science to create practical quantum networking infrastructure components.

Company Information

• Founded: 2019
• Country: United Kingdom
• Website: https://www.ki3photonics.com
• Categories: photonics, quantum networking

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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) is a USA national laboratory founded August 26, 1931, located in Berkeley, California, operated by University of California for United States Department of Energy. Berkeley Lab leads Quantum Systems Accelerator (QSA), one of five DOE National Quantum Information Science Research Centers bringing together 80 world-class researchers from 15 partner institutions. QSA catalyzes national leadership in quantum information science to co-design algorithms, quantum devices, and engineering solutions delivering certified quantum advantage in scientific applications. The laboratory conducts quantum computing research spanning quantum processors, quantum algorithms, quantum networking, quantum sensors, and quantum materials. Berkeley Lab operates quantum computing testbeds and advanced characterization facilities for quantum hardware development. The laboratory serves quantum research community collaborating with universities, industry, and government agencies advancing quantum computing for energy, chemistry, materials science, and national security applications requiring quantum computational advantage.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is a USA federal research facility founded in 1952, located in Livermore, California, operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security LLC for United States Department of Energy and National Nuclear Security Administration. The Livermore Center for Quantum Science focuses on advancing quantum technology to solve national security challenges including quantum computing, quantum sensing, quantum communications, and quantum materials. LLNL conducts quantum computing research spanning quantum algorithms for scientific simulation, quantum error correction, quantum networking, and integration of quantum computing with high-performance computing for national security applications. The laboratory develops quantum technologies for nuclear stockpile stewardship, materials science, cryptography, and sensing. LLNL serves Department of Defense, Department of Energy, and intelligence community requiring quantum computing capabilities for national security, weapons physics simulation, materials discovery, and secure quantum communications advancing quantum advantage for critical national security missions.

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is a USA national laboratory founded in 1943 during Manhattan Project, located in Los Alamos, New Mexico, operated by Triad National Security LLC for United States Department of Energy and National Nuclear Security Administration. LANL conducts quantum computing research spanning quantum algorithms, quantum simulation, quantum cryptography, quantum networking, and quantum sensors for national security applications. The laboratory develops quantum technologies for nuclear weapons stewardship, materials science, secure communications, and sensing applications. LANL operates quantum computing testbeds exploring superconducting qubits, trapped ions, and quantum annealing for optimization and simulation problems. The laboratory collaborates with DOE National Quantum Information Science Research Centers and industry partners advancing quantum computing for national security missions. LANL serves Department of Defense, Department of Energy, and intelligence community requiring quantum computing capabilities for weapons physics, cryptanalysis, materials discovery, and quantum-safe cryptography protecting national security information against quantum threats.

Lumen Technologies

Lumen Technologies Inc. (formerly CenturyLink) is an American telecommunications company founded in 1968, headquartered in Monroe, Louisiana. Lumen provides networking infrastructure including fiber optic networks supporting quantum communication deployments and quantum networking research. The company explores quantum key distribution (QKD) integration into telecommunications infrastructure and quantum-safe networking solutions. Lumen collaborates with quantum technology providers advancing practical quantum communications capabilities over existing fiber networks. The company serves telecommunications enterprise and government markets requiring quantum-safe communications infrastructure. Lumen contributes to quantum networking development providing telecommunications infrastructure supporting quantum communications deployments and quantum-safe security implementations preparing network infrastructure for quantum internet and post-quantum security transitions protecting telecommunications networks against quantum computing threats.

Lumenisity

Lumenisity is a UK-based photonics company founded in 2017 as spinout from University of Southampton developing hollow core fiber technology for quantum communications and telecommunications. The company CoreSmart hollow core fibers enable ultra-low latency data transmission and enhanced security ideal for quantum key distribution (QKD) networks. Lumenisity was acquired by Microsoft in 2022 to advance hollow core fiber deployment for cloud and quantum networking infrastructure. The company technology reduces signal latency and improves data security compared to traditional solid core optical fibers. Lumenisity serves telecommunications operators, financial services, cloud providers, and quantum communication networks requiring ultra-fast secure data transmission. The company contributes to quantum communications infrastructure development advancing quantum-safe networking and quantum internet infrastructure.

LuxQuanta Technologies

LuxQuanta Technologies is a Chinese quantum communication company developing quantum key distribution systems and quantum secure networks. The company provides QKD equipment and quantum communication infrastructure for China’s national quantum communication networks. LuxQuanta is part of China’s strategic push to build quantum-safe communications infrastructure, protecting sensitive government and commercial communications from current and future quantum computer threats.

Company Information

• Founded: 2017
• Country: China
• Website: N/A
• Categories: QKD, quantum networking

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Mitsubishi Electric Quantum Division

Mitsubishi Electric Corporation is a Japanese multinational electronics and electrical equipment manufacturing company founded in 1921 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with Quantum Division developing quantum communications and post-quantum cryptography solutions. Mitsubishi Electric joined forces with six partners including Toshiba and NTT to build a national quantum secure networking testbed in Japan. The company has been preparing for post-quantum cryptography, ensuring its information security products use quantum-resistant algorithms. Mitsubishi Electric develops quantum key distribution systems, quantum-safe networking equipment, and post-quantum cryptography implementations for telecommunications and critical infrastructure protection. The company invests in quantum technology research supporting Japan’s quantum communications infrastructure development. Mitsubishi Electric serves Japanese government agencies, telecommunications operators, financial institutions, defense contractors, and critical infrastructure sectors requiring quantum-safe communications equipment, QKD systems, and post-quantum cryptography implementations. The company contributes to Japan’s quantum technology ecosystem advancing practical quantum security solutions for telecommunications and enterprise markets.

NIST

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is a USA federal agency founded March 3, 1901, located in Gaithersburg, Maryland and Boulder, Colorado, operating under United States Department of Commerce. NIST conducts quantum computing research developing quantum standards, quantum metrology, post-quantum cryptography standards, and quantum networking protocols. The Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) is collaboration between NIST and University of Maryland conducting fundamental quantum research spanning trapped ions, neutral atoms, superconducting qubits, and quantum simulation. NIST leads National Quantum Initiative coordination through National Quantum Coordination Office housed within White House Office of Science and Technology Policy. In 2024 NIST published first post-quantum cryptography standards (FIPS 203, 204, 205) protecting against quantum computer threats. NIST serves government agencies, industry, and research institutions requiring quantum standards, quantum measurement techniques, and quantum-safe cryptography standards. NIST advances quantum technology through fundamental research, standards development, and technology transfer supporting USA quantum leadership.

NTT Quantum Technology Division

Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT) is a Japanese telecommunications company founded in 1952 and headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, with Quantum Technology Division developing quantum communications, quantum key distribution, and quantum networking systems. NTT conducts pioneering quantum networking research deploying QKD networks and quantum-safe telecommunications infrastructure in Japan. The company researches quantum network technologies and quantum security, having demonstrated quantum tokens for secure transactions in 2021. NTT collaborates with Japanese quantum technology companies and government initiatives advancing practical quantum communications deployments. In early 2024, NTT joined forces with Fujitsu, Hitachi, NEC, and Mitsubishi Electric on quantum technology initiatives building national quantum secure networking testbed. NTT invests in quantum cryptography, quantum random number generation, and post-quantum cryptography preparing telecommunications infrastructure for quantum computing threats. The company serves Japanese telecommunications markets, government agencies, financial institutions, and critical infrastructure sectors requiring quantum-safe communications and quantum networking infrastructure supporting Japan’s quantum technology leadership.

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

In 2024-2025, Oak Ridge National Laboratory achieved several major quantum computing milestones. In September 2025, Riverlane’s Deltaflow 2 real-time quantum error correction system was installed at ORNL, marking the first dedicated real-time QEC integration at a U.S. national laboratory. Also in September 2025, ORNL and Australian-German company Quantum Brilliance inaugurated the United States’ first on-site commercial quantum-computer cluster, the first of its kind to integrate a diamond-based quantum processor into a high-performance computing (HPC) environment. On August 29, 2025, ORNL released a comprehensive study outlining software architecture designed to integrate quantum computers with the world’s fastest supercomputers, notably the exascale machine Frontier. In November 2024, ORNL added IQM Resonance quantum cloud service to its Quantum Computing User Program. In August 2025, ORNL researchers developed a quantum microscope for nanoscale imaging and a multihop quantum network integrating with fibre-optic infrastructure. These developments demonstrate ORNL’s leadership in quantum-HPC integration.

Orange Quantum Division

Orange S.A. is a French multinational telecommunications corporation founded in 1990 (originally France Télécom from 1988) and headquartered in Paris, France, with Quantum Division developing quantum-safe telecommunications infrastructure and quantum networking capabilities. Orange conducts quantum networking research deploying quantum key distribution (QKD) networks and quantum-safe communications systems across French and European telecommunications infrastructure. The company collaborates with French quantum technology companies and research institutions including CryptoNext Security, Alice & Bob, and Pasqal advancing practical quantum communications deployments. Orange invests in post-quantum cryptography preparing telecommunications infrastructure for quantum computing threats. The company demonstrated quantum-secured fiber optic network connections for enterprise and government customers requiring ultra-secure communications. Orange serves European telecommunications markets, government agencies, financial institutions, and critical infrastructure sectors requiring quantum-safe communications and quantum network infrastructure. The company contributes to European Quantum Communication Infrastructure (EuroQCI) initiative and French National Quantum Strategy advancing quantum-safe telecommunications at scale.

Patero

Patero is a United States-based quantum security company founded in 2020 that developed a network security solution reducing the exposed attack surface while encrypting data-in-motion with hybrid post-quantum encryption (hybrid-PQC). Patero’s hybrid-PQC solution enhances classical cryptosystems with quantum-resistant encryption algorithms selected by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The company’s approach combines current encryption standards with post-quantum cryptography for defense-in-depth protection against both classical and quantum computing threats. Patero is recognized as a key player in the global Post-Quantum Cryptography Market alongside NXP Semiconductor, Thales, AWS, IDEMIA, and Palo Alto Networks. The company provides enterprise network security solutions implementing NIST-approved PQC algorithms for securing data transmission across corporate networks, cloud environments, and hybrid infrastructure. Patero serves enterprises, government agencies, financial institutions, healthcare organizations, and telecommunications operators requiring quantum-safe data-in-motion encryption protecting against harvest now, decrypt later attacks.

Princeton University

Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university founded 1746 in Princeton New Jersey. Princeton Center for Complex Materials and Princeton Quantum Initiative provide top training in quantum information science. Princeton conducts quantum research spanning quantum processors quantum algorithms quantum materials quantum networks and quantum simulation. The university quantum programs advance fundamental quantum science and quantum technology development. Princeton maintains research partnerships with government laboratories and quantum computing companies. Princeton serves quantum research community through quantum physics research quantum engineering programs and quantum education advancing quantum information science and quantum technology development supporting USA quantum competitiveness and scientific leadership in quantum computing.

Quantum Machines Quantum Networking Division

Quantum Machines is an Israeli quantum technology company founded in 2018 and headquartered in Tel Aviv, specializing in advanced control systems for quantum computing and quantum networking. In 2024, Quantum Machines secured $170 million in funding from backers including Intel’s investment arm. The company offers hardware and software solutions enabling precise execution of complex quantum algorithms and quantum network operations. Quantum Machines develops quantum control and orchestration platforms supporting quantum computing, quantum communications, and quantum networking applications. The Quantum Orchestration Platform provides real-time control, feedback, and optimization for quantum systems including networked quantum processors and quantum communication systems. The company serves quantum computing providers, quantum networking developers, research institutions, telecommunications operators, and government agencies requiring advanced quantum control systems for distributed quantum computing, quantum communications, and quantum internet infrastructure. Quantum Machines brings Israeli quantum innovation to global markets advancing practical quantum networking and communications systems.

Rigetti Computing

In 2024-2025, Rigetti Computing completed a $350 million at-the-market equity offering during Q2 2025, bolstering the company’s cash position to approximately $575 million with no debt. In December 2024, Rigetti launched its 84-qubit Ankaa-3 quantum processor, achieving record-high fidelity with a 99.0% median iSWAP gate fidelity and 99.5% median fSim gate fidelity. In 2025, Rigetti unveiled Cepheus-1-36Q, a 36-qubit multi-chip quantum computer now generally available, demonstrating a two-fold reduction in two-qubit gate error rate compared to the preceding Ankaa-3 system, achieving a median two-qubit gate fidelity of 99%. The company anticipates releasing a 100+ qubit system, also chiplet-based, with a target median two-qubit gate fidelity of 99.5% before the end of 2025. In collaboration with Riverlane and the National Quantum Computing Centre (NQCC), Rigetti won £3.5 million from Innovate UK to enhance quantum error correction capabilities on superconducting quantum computers.

Sandia National Laboratories

In August 2024, scientists at Sandia National Laboratories, collaborating with Arizona State University, received $17 million in funding from Sandia’s Laboratory Directed Research program to develop compact integrated microsystems that carry quantum information using light, scaling down large-scale optical systems to chip size for applications in advanced computing and secure communications. Researchers are fabricating small photonic integrated circuits (PICs) at Sandia’s MESA complex to achieve the same capabilities as large optical tables. Sandia is participating in the Quantum Collaborative and serves as a core partner of the Southwest Advanced Prototyping Hub (SWAP Hub), led by Arizona State University, aiming to jumpstart American competitiveness in the semiconductor industry. In January 2024, the University of New Mexico and Sandia National Laboratories partnered to establish the Quantum New Mexico Institute (QNM-I), aiming to make New Mexico a national hub for quantum science and attract global talent and quantum companies.

Singtel

Singapore Telecommunications Limited (Singtel) is a Singaporean telecommunications conglomerate founded in 1879, headquartered in Singapore. Singtel actively explores quantum technologies including quantum key distribution (QKD) for secure communications and quantum networking infrastructure. The company collaborates with Centre for Quantum Technologies and other quantum research institutions advancing practical quantum communications deployments in Asia-Pacific region. Singtel invests in quantum-safe security preparing telecommunications infrastructure for post-quantum cryptography and quantum network development. The company serves telecommunications markets across Asia-Pacific region including enterprise customers government agencies and critical infrastructure sectors requiring quantum-safe communications. Singtel positions Singapore as quantum communications hub advancing quantum technology adoption across telecommunications networks and preparing for quantum internet infrastructure.

Sixscape Communications

Sixscape Communications is a Singapore-based cybersecurity company founded in 2016, specializing in post-quantum cryptography solutions for network security and secure communications. The company develops quantum-safe encryption technology protecting against both classical and quantum computing threats. Sixscape is recognized among emerging Quantum Cryptography Solutions providers and key players in the global Post-Quantum Cryptography Market. The company provides PQC implementations for telecommunications networks, enterprise communications, and IoT device security. Sixscape collaborates with Singapore government agencies and telecommunications operators advancing quantum-safe network infrastructure as part of Singapore’s National Quantum-Safe Network initiatives. The company serves telecommunications operators, enterprises, government agencies, and IoT platform providers requiring post-quantum cryptography for securing network communications, protecting sensitive data transmission, and implementing quantum-resistant encryption algorithms. Sixscape focuses on practical PQC deployment for existing network infrastructure preparing organizations for the transition to quantum-safe security standards.

Sparring Capital Partners

Sparring Capital Partners is a European venture capital firm founded in 2019, focusing on deep tech and enterprise software investments including quantum security companies. In March 2025, Sparring Capital Partners led Quantum Industries’ 9.5 million euro seed financing round alongside Findus Venture and KGAL, supporting Vienna-based quantum secure communications company. The firm invests in early-stage and growth-stage technology companies developing quantum cryptography, cybersecurity, enterprise software, and deep tech solutions. Sparring Capital Partners brings capital, strategic expertise, and industry connections to quantum security startups commercializing quantum communications technologies. The firm serves European quantum technology ecosystem connecting startups with corporate partners, research institutions, and follow-on investors. Sparring Capital invests in quantum key distribution companies, post-quantum cryptography developers, quantum networking startups, and quantum-safe communications providers building practical commercial quantum security solutions. The firm contributes to European quantum technology growth supporting companies developing quantum-safe infrastructure for critical communications, government agencies, financial institutions, and telecommunications operators.

SPTel

SPTel is a joint venture company of ST Engineering and SP Group, serving as a leading provider of next-generation telecommunications and digital solutions in Singapore with strong focus on innovation and reliability. SPTel uses unique fiber pathways combining leased SP Group infrastructure and owned fiber pipes laid alongside power network cables, having connected 90% of Singapore’s commercial data centers. In November 2022, SPTel and SpeQtral announced success on initial trials toward setting up Quantum-Secure Networks on SPTel’s diverse fiber network, the first such trials in Singapore. In November 2023, SPTel and SpeQtral were jointly appointed by the Infocomm Media Development Authority of Singapore (IMDA) to build the National Quantum-Safe Network Plus (NQSN+), Singapore’s first nationwide quantum-safe network. The combination of SPTel’s capabilities in building diverse networks with SpeQtral’s deep expertise in Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology advances development of robust and resilient NQSN+. SPTel serves enterprises, government agencies, data centers, and telecommunications operators requiring quantum-safe network infrastructure.

Technical University of Denmark

Technical University of Denmark (DTU) is a public technical university founded in 1829, located in Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. DTU conducts quantum research advancing quantum photonics quantum communications and quantum technologies. The university Center for Silicon Photonics advances integrated quantum photonics development. DTU researchers contribute to quantum hardware quantum networks and quantum applications. The university collaborates with Danish and European quantum companies advancing quantum technology commercialization. DTU serves quantum research community through quantum research quantum education and technology transfer supporting Danish quantum technology ecosystem and Nordic quantum innovation.

Telstra

Telstra Group Limited (formerly Telstra Corporation) is an Australian telecommunications company founded in 1975 (privatized 1997), headquartered in Melbourne, Australia. Telstra conducts quantum networking trials deploying quantum key distribution (QKD) demonstrations and exploring quantum-safe telecommunications infrastructure. The company collaborates with Australian quantum technology companies including Q-CTRL and Silicon Quantum Computing advancing practical quantum communications capabilities. In October 2025, Telstra and Silicon Quantum Computing announced results from a joint initiative taking quantum computing out of the lab and into the telecommunications industry, marking a new milestone in Australia’s journey towards quantum-enabled digital infrastructure. Telstra explores quantum encryption for secure communications and quantum networking for future telecommunications infrastructure. The company serves Australian telecommunications markets, enterprise customers, and government agencies requiring quantum-safe communications and quantum technology exploration. Telstra contributes to Australian quantum technology ecosystem advancing quantum communications and quantum networking for telecommunications industry positioning Australia as quantum technology leader in Asia-Pacific region.

TU Delft

Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) is a public technical university founded in 1842, located in Delft, Netherlands. TU Delft hosts QuTech, world-leading quantum research institute collaboration between TU Delft and TNO advancing quantum computing and quantum internet. QuTech develops quantum processors including spin qubits in silicon and superconducting qubits advancing scalable quantum computing. TU Delft researchers contribute to quantum algorithms quantum error correction quantum networks and quantum hardware. The university has produced quantum technology spinouts and maintains strong European quantum partnerships. TU Delft serves quantum research community through fundamental quantum research quantum education and technology transfer advancing quantum computing and quantum internet development supporting Netherlands and European quantum technology leadership.

University of Maryland

University of Maryland is a public research university founded in 1856, located in College Park, Maryland. UMD hosts Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science (QuICS) conducting world-class quantum research. The university advances ion trap quantum computing quantum algorithms quantum networks and quantum technologies. UMD has produced quantum technology spinouts including IonQ. The university serves quantum research community through fundamental quantum research quantum education and technology transfer. UMD contributes to USA quantum technology leadership through breakthrough quantum research and quantum technology commercialization positioning Maryland as quantum technology hub.

Yale University

Yale University is a private Ivy League research university founded 1701 in New Haven Connecticut. Yale University has established itself as leader in quantum research fostering collaboration across physics engineering and computer science with Yale Quantum Institute serving as central hub bringing together researchers to explore quantum information processing quantum materials and quantum sensing. Yale conducts quantum research spanning superconducting qubits quantum processors quantum algorithms quantum error correction and quantum networks. Yale quantum programs have produced significant breakthroughs in superconducting quantum computing and quantum information processing. Yale serves quantum research community through fundamental quantum research quantum education programs and industry partnerships advancing quantum computing and quantum technologies.