Cryogenics
115 companies providing dilution refrigerators and cryogenic cooling systems
Why Cryogenics Matter
Superconducting quantum computers operate at temperatures colder than outer space—around 15 millikelvin (0.015 K). Dilution refrigerators use a mixture of helium-3 and helium-4 to achieve these extreme temperatures.
Cooling Stages
Cryogenics Vendors
Active Technologies S.r.l.
Active Technologies is an Italian company manufacturing high-performance arbitrary waveform generators for quantum computing applications, including partnerships with Berkeley Nucleonics for North American distribution. The company designs and produces AWG systems used for quantum processor control, delivering the signal fidelity and timing precision required for quantum gate operations. Active Technologies brings European manufacturing expertise to the quantum control electronics supply chain, supporting the growing demand for quantum instrumentation.
AdTech Optics
AdTech Optics is a California-based company founded in 2001, specializing in the design, engineering, and manufacturing of mid-infrared semiconductor lasers based on quantum cascade technology. Located in City of Industry, California, AdTech Optics advanced beyond traditional semiconductor lasers in 2005, committing to the emerging field of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs). The company manufactures state-of-the-art mid-infrared QCLs for defense, environmental monitoring, and medical industries. AdTech Optics is a privately owned corporation employing approximately 35 people and received ISO 9001:2008 certification in 2015, demonstrating commitment to quality management. In January 2018, AdTech Photonics, Inc. acquired AdTech Optics, Inc., with the combined entity continuing to manufacture and expand the quantum cascade laser portfolio. AdTech's QCL technology serves quantum sensing applications requiring mid-infrared spectroscopy, including trace gas detection, chemical identification, and environmental monitoring. The company's quantum cascade lasers provide critical components for quantum sensing systems and spectroscopy applications across defense and scientific research sectors.
Advanced Research Systems
Advanced Research Systems designs and manufactures helium-free cryostats, flow cryostats, and cryogenic probe stations with temperature ranges from 1.5K to 800K for quantum research and materials science. Their probe stations feature fast vacuum pumping and sample exchange (130 minutes for 4-inch wafer), advanced probe thermalization enabling less than 5K sample temperatures, and configurations supporting magnetic fields up to 6T for quantum device testing. The company provides critical cryogenic infrastructure for quantum computing development and materials research.
Aerodyne Research
Aerodyne Research is a Massachusetts-based company founded in 1970, providing advanced research and development services and sensor products for environmental monitoring and atmospheric science. Headquartered in Billerica, Massachusetts, Aerodyne offers cutting-edge aerosol mass spectrometers, quantum cascade laser trace gas monitors, and particle monitoring systems. The company has commercialized compact gas analyzers based on quantum cascade lasers capable of detecting trace quantities of methane, N₂O, NO, NO₂, CO, CO₂, formaldehyde, formic acid, ethylene, acetylene, ammonia, and other gases at parts-per-billion concentrations. Aerodyne's dual quantum cascade laser spectrometers incorporate pulsed QC lasers, compact multipass absorption cells, dual detectors, and sophisticated signal processing for atmospheric trace gas detection. Serving industrial, academic, and government customers for over 50 years, Aerodyne Research provides quantum sensing technologies for environmental research, climate monitoring, industrial emissions measurement, and air quality assessment. The company's QCL-based instruments leverage quantum photonics for real-time, high-sensitivity gas detection supporting global environmental research initiatives.
Akela Laser
AKELA Laser Corporation is a New Jersey-based manufacturer of high-power laser diodes and custom photonic solutions serving medical, industrial, laser pumping, defense, and security applications. Founded in 2003 and relocated to its present facility in Jamesburg, NJ in 2014, AKELA provides a broad range of laser diodes with wavelengths ranging from 635nm to 2 microns. The company specializes in custom laser assemblies that offer any desired combination of light source, optics, cooling, and drivers tailored to specific application requirements. AKELA's laser diode technology supports quantum photonics research, quantum sensing applications, and serves as critical components in quantum computing systems requiring precise optical control. With expertise in high-power diode laser manufacturing and custom photonic integration, AKELA Laser serves both commercial and government customers developing next-generation quantum technologies.
Alpes Lasers
Alpes Lasers S.A. is a Swiss engineering company and manufacturer specializing in quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) and infrared lasers for scientific, industrial, and medical applications. Founded as a spin-off from the University of Neuchâtel by physicists Jérôme Faist, Antoine Muller, and Matthias Beck, the company pioneered the commercialization of quantum-cascade laser technology. Alpes Lasers is a leader in developing optoelectronic devices in the Mid-Infrared (MIR) and Near-Infrared (NIR) range, with applications in gas detection, spectroscopy, and quantum sensing. The company's QCL technology leverages quantum mechanical principles for advanced photonics applications, making them a key supplier to quantum research institutions and industries requiring precise infrared light sources. With over 25 years of experience, Alpes Lasers maintains its position as a global technology leader in quantum cascade laser systems.
American Magnetics
American Magnetics Inc. (AMI) is an American manufacturer of superconducting magnet systems founded in 1968, headquartered in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. AMI provides superconducting magnets, cryogenic equipment, and magnet power supplies used in quantum computing research and quantum technology development. The company superconducting magnet systems enable precise magnetic field control required for quantum experiments, quantum materials research, and quantum device testing. AMI serves quantum computing companies, research universities, national laboratories, and quantum technology developers requiring high-performance superconducting magnets for quantum research and quantum processor development. The company contributes to quantum technology supply chain providing essential magnetic field control infrastructure for quantum computing hardware development and quantum physics experiments advancing practical quantum computer implementations.
AmpliTech Group
AmpliTech Group, Inc. (Nasdaq: AMPG) is a designer, developer, and manufacturer of state-of-the-art signal processing components for satellite, Public and Private 5G, and quantum computing networks. In December 2024, AmpliTech announced successful development of proprietary low-noise cryogenic High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) amplifiers for quantum computing, delivering working units to two Fortune 50 companies, universities, and research institutions. The amplifiers enable quantum computers to operate efficiently at extremely low temperatures of 4 Kelvin (-452°F), minimizing noise at ultra-low temperatures for accurate quantum signal detection. AmpliTech positions itself as the only high-performance U.S. manufacturer offering this critical component at 4K temperatures. The USPTO issued a Notice of Allowance for AmpliTech's patent application related to their cryogenic quantum computing solution. The amplifiers support development of scalable, error-corrected quantum computers crucial for advancing AI capabilities.
Anyon Systems
Anyon Systems specializes in quantum hardware components and integration services, providing cryogenic systems, quantum device packaging, and custom quantum hardware solutions that enable researchers and companies to build and operate quantum computing systems with focus on practical implementation and system integration.
AQSolotl
AQSolotl is an NTU and NUS spin-off that launched the CHRONOS-Q quantum controller in December 2024, bridging conventional computers with quantum systems. The company develops quantum control electronics that manage and orchestrate quantum computing operations. AQSolotl's CHRONOS-Q controller provides the critical interface between classical computing infrastructure and quantum processors, addressing scalability challenges in quantum computing by enabling efficient control of increasing numbers of qubits.
Arctic Instruments
Arctic Instruments is a VTT spinout manufacturing near-quantum-limited superconducting microwave amplifiers for large-scale quantum computers. The company is the only manufacturer capable of supplying thousands of amplifiers with the required quality and consistency for 10,000+ qubit quantum systems. December 2024: Raised €2.35 million ($2.47M) seed funding led by Lifeline Ventures to scale production of superconducting amplifiers for quantum computing. 2025 Developments: Focus on scaling manufacturing capacity to meet growing demand from quantum computing companies. Key infrastructure provider for superconducting quantum processors requiring ultra-low noise amplification at millikelvin temperatures. Founded by Joonas Govenius (CEO).
Aselsan
Aselsan is Turkey's leading defense electronics company headquartered in Ankara that collaboratively developed QuanT, Turkey's first domestically produced quantum computer, with TOBB University of Economics and Technology (TOBB ETU). The 5-qubit system was unveiled on November 21, 2024, at the TOBB ETU Technology Center, marking Turkey as one of few countries with quantum computer technology. Aselsan and TOBB ETU established a quantum technologies research laboratory in 2022, supported by the Secretariat of Defence Industries (SSB). Vice President Cevdet Yılmaz described QuanT as historic for Turkey. Aselsan and TOBB ETU are establishing a Superconducting Chip Manufacturing Facility to enhance quantum computing technologies and enable domestic production of superconducting chips. QuanT operates millions of times faster than conventional computers, revolutionizing cryptography, AI, and optimization.
Atlantic Microwave
Atlantic Microwave is a British manufacturer and supplier of radio frequency (RF) and microwave components and equipment founded in 1989, located in Braintree, Essex, acquired by ETL Systems Ltd in January 2019. The company works with key players in cryogenic industry providing RF and microwave components operating down to cryogenic temperatures of 4K and below for quantum computing applications. Atlantic Microwave manufactures cryogenic low-noise amplifiers revolutionizing readout of quantum bits, operating in ultra-low temperature environments to increase signal-to-noise ratio in quantum read-out circuits. ETL Systems through Atlantic Microwave offers high-grade components for cutting-edge quantum technology research including low phase noise oscillators, multipliers, couplers, and cables designed to withstand rigorous conditions of cryostats. Atlantic Microwave serves quantum computing manufacturers, research institutions, and cryogenic equipment providers requiring RF components capable of operating at temperatures as low as 4K for quantum processor readout and control systems.
Atlantic Quantum
In October 2024, Google Quantum AI announced that the Atlantic Quantum team, an MIT-founded startup known for its tightly integrated hardware, will join Google. Atlantic Quantum brings a modular chip architecture that fuses qubits with superconducting control electronics on a single substrate, embedding control circuitry within the cold stage to eliminate bulky room-temperature wiring and reduce thermal load on the cryostat. This partnership signals a decisive step toward scaling superconducting qubit systems, a critical hurdle on the road to a fully error-corrected, real-world quantum computer. By adopting Atlantic Quantum's stack, Google can accelerate deployment of larger qubit arrays while keeping error rates within bounds required for surface-code error correction. The acquisition enables Google to leverage Atlantic Quantum's expertise in creating compact, high-density modules and integrating cryogenic electronics, which improves signal fidelity and allows for rapid iteration of qubit designs.
Atlas Technologies
Atlas Technologies specializes in bimetallic (dissimilar metal) joining technology for Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) and Extreme High Vacuum (XHV) applications essential for quantum computing. The company manufactures custom UHV/XHV chambers and bimetal components using proprietary techniques to bond aluminum, titanium, and other metals. Atlas vacuum chambers achieve outgassing rates below 1 x 10-13 Torr liter/sec cm² making them suitable for quantum science applications. Their products offer no magnetic impact, low hydrogen and carbon contamination, maximum thermal performance, and excellent vibration dampening. Quantum and cryogenic researchers worldwide rely on Atlas for developing chambers that meet exacting UHV/XHV criteria in quantum computing systems.
Barber-Nichols
Barber-Nichols was founded in 1966 by Bob Barber and Ken Nichols as turbomachinery engineering company located in Arvada, Colorado, a suburb of Denver. The company manufactures vacuum jacketed extended shaft pumps, circulators, blowers, and compressors for use in cryogenic systems to optimize system performance. Since 1976 when Barber-Nichols designed and manufactured its first cryogenic pump, these custom-manufactured and engineered products have served broad range of demanding and sensitive applications. Barber-Nichols cryogenic pumps are used in physics research applications including CERN ATLAS detector pumping liquid helium coolant through superconducting magnetic coils. The company provides cryogenic pumping solutions for quantum computing systems requiring liquid nitrogen and liquid helium circulation at ultra-low temperatures. Barber-Nichols serves quantum computing manufacturers, physics research facilities, and cryogenic system providers requiring specialized pumps for dilution refrigerators and quantum processor cooling infrastructure.
BardeenQ Labs
BardeenQ Labs is a quantum computing company founded in 2019, creating a coherent platform to invent, apply, and commercialize room-temperature quantum machines to power Industry 4.0. Named after Nobel laureate John Bardeen, the company operates as a 'Roivant for quantum' model, spinning out subsidiary startups called 'Quanta' that focus on specific quantum technologies. Their subsidiary BardeenQ Waves develops ambient temperature quantum devices, vision sensors, and quantum AI edge processors for self-driving cars and autonomous vehicle applications. Led by Ayo Kolapo, PhD (University of Houston, condensed matter and material physics), the company focuses on practical quantum applications that can operate at room temperature without cryogenic cooling, targeting the autonomous vehicle and Industry 4.0 markets.
BDx Data Centers
BDx Data Centers is a Singapore-based data center operator founded in 2012, launching Southeast Asia's first hybrid quantum AI testbed in July 2025 in collaboration with Anyon Technologies at its flagship SIN1 facility in Paya Lebar. The quantum AI testbed integrates Anyon's superconducting quantum computing system with BDx's cutting-edge data center infrastructure to support Singapore's Green targeting 2030 and Smart Nation objectives. The initiative enables startups, enterprises, and government agencies to explore quantum-enhanced AI applications. BDx and Anyon plan to expand the hybrid quantum model across key Asian markets including Indonesia, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, creating a region-wide network of quantum-enabled data centers. BDx Data Centers provides quantum computing infrastructure supporting Southeast Asia's quantum technology development and practical quantum computing applications for regional organizations.
Berkeley Nucleonics Corporation
Berkeley Nucleonics Corporation produces the world's fastest 16-bit AWG (Model 685) for quantum computing with 6.16 GS/s sample rate and 110ps rise time, used for qubit control in research laboratories. The company manufactures high-performance arbitrary waveform generators, pulse generators, and timing instruments essential for quantum computing control systems. Berkeley Nucleonics' Model 685 AWG represents the state-of-the-art in quantum control electronics, enabling researchers to generate the precise, fast waveforms needed to manipulate quantum states with high fidelity.
Bita Quantum AI
Bita Quantum AI is a Montreal-based quantum technology company founded in 2021 that develops room-temperature quantum processors using proprietary plasmonic technology. Unlike traditional quantum computers that require extreme cooling, Bita's approach enables quantum computing at normal room temperatures, making quantum technology more accessible and practical for real-world applications. The company offers two flagship products: Q-Trash for certified secure data erasure using quantum random number generation, and Q-Vault for quantum-enhanced encryption. Bita Quantum AI won the IBM Quantum Prize and has been recognized for its innovative approach to making quantum computing accessible. The company's room-temperature operation eliminates the need for expensive cryogenic systems, potentially democratizing access to quantum computing technology.
Bluefors
Bluefors is a Finnish cryogenic technology company founded in 2008 by Rob Blaauwgeers and Pieter Vorselman that has become the global market leader in ultra-low temperature cooling systems for quantum computing, with over 1,500 systems installed worldwide including their flagship LD System and KIDE Cryogenic Platform supporting over 1,000 qubits, pioneering liquid-free dilution refrigerator technology that achieves 10 millikelvin temperatures through a five-stage cascade approach, serving as the industry standard for superconducting quantum computers with over 700 employees globally. November 2025: Bluefors unveiled next-generation dilution refrigerators with improved cooling capacity and reduced helium consumption, addressing sustainability concerns in quantum computing infrastructure. The company expanded manufacturing capacity to meet growing demand from quantum computing companies scaling to higher qubit counts. 2025 Developments: Partnership with Linde continues for large-scale quantum computing cooling solutions. Launched enhanced cooling systems with doubled 4K cooling power and high-density flex wiring for high qubit count applications. Expanded global service network to support growing installed base of cryogenic systems.
C2MI
C2MI (MiQro Innovation Collaborative Centre) is Canada's leading hub for innovation in MEMS and semiconductor packaging founded November 1, 2011, with official inauguration July 2012, based in Bromont, Québec. C2MI is expanding into quantum chip manufacturing with new quantum fabrication facility dedicated to superconducting quantum chips expected operational targeting 2026. The facility features PVD system with unique capabilities essential for creating highly precise and reliable components for superconducting quantum circuits including Josephson Junctions, foundational element of quantum processors. Anyon Systems signed MOU with C2MI confirming collaboration in developing industrial-grade quantum fabrication facility. C2MI partnership with Nord Quantique provides industrial-grade fabrication for superconducting qubits. C2MI serves Canadian quantum computing manufacturers requiring industrial-scale superconducting qubit fabrication with advanced semiconductor packaging capabilities supporting quantum processor development and quantum computing hardware manufacturing.
CAN Superconductors
CAN Superconductors s.r.o. is a Czech manufacturer of superconducting materials and components serving quantum computing and other advanced technology sectors. The company produces superconducting wires, tapes, and materials essential for quantum computing systems requiring ultra-low temperature superconducting components. CAN Superconductors manufactures High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) materials used in quantum computing infrastructure including superconducting qubits, quantum interconnects, and cryogenic systems. As a European superconductor manufacturer, CAN Superconductors serves quantum computing companies, research institutions, and cryogenic equipment manufacturers requiring high-quality superconducting materials. The company provides custom superconducting solutions for quantum processors, quantum communication systems, and quantum sensing applications demanding superior superconducting performance at cryogenic temperatures.
Cerca Magnetics UK
Cerca Magnetics develops optically pumped magnetometers (OPM) using rubidium atoms for medical and defense applications with Lego-brick sized devices. The Nottingham company manufactures compact quantum magnetometers. Cerca Magnetics' miniaturized OPM sensors enable brain imaging, geophysical surveying, and defense applications where compact, sensitive magnetic field detection provides critical measurement capabilities.
Circor
Circor International is a Massachusetts-based manufacturer founded in 1999, providing cryogenic valves, vacuum insulated products, cryogenic filters, and complex vacuum insulated piping systems for quantum computing and aerospace applications. The company manufactures specialized cryogenic components for ultra-low temperature systems including dilution refrigerators used in quantum computing. Circor's cryogenic valves and vacuum-insulated piping systems enable precise control of cryogenic fluids in quantum processor cooling infrastructure operating at millikelvin temperatures. The company's products support quantum computing cryogenic systems requiring reliable fluid management for liquid helium and liquid nitrogen cooling. Circor serves quantum computing manufacturers, aerospace companies, research laboratories, and cryogenic equipment providers requiring high-performance cryogenic valves and vacuum-insulated components for quantum processors, superconducting systems, and ultra-low temperature research applications. Circor's cryogenic expertise supports quantum computing infrastructure requiring specialized fluid handling at extreme temperatures.
Coherent
Coherent is a vertically integrated supplier of lasers, photonic devices, and laser measurement systems for communications, electronics, and instrumentation markets. The company manufactures silicon photonics, VCSEL arrays, lenses, filters, isolators, laser sources, and measurement equipment serving quantum photonics applications, industrial processing, and optical networking. Coherent provides comprehensive coherent transceivers and modules for global communications networks and quantum systems. The company was formed through the 2022 merger of II-VI and Coherent Inc.
Cryocomp
Cryocomp is the valves division of parent company Cryofab Inc., with history beginning with 1994 founding of DLH Industries, acquired by Cryofab Inc. in December 2014. Cryofab was founded in 1971 as global leader in design and supply of cryogenic dewars, storage vessels, and transfer systems. Cryocomp specializes in vacuum insulated equipment for safe and efficient transfer of liquid nitrogen, helium, argon, oxygen, and hydrogen. The company manufactures liquid nitrogen valves, liquid helium valves, and cryogenic solenoid valves essential for quantum computing cryogenic infrastructure. Cryocomp located in Kenilworth, New Jersey, provides cryogenic valve solutions for ultra-low temperature applications in quantum processors requiring liquid helium cooling systems. Cryocomp serves quantum computing manufacturers, research laboratories, and cryogenic system providers requiring specialized valves for dilution refrigerators and quantum computing cryogenic infrastructure operating at millikelvin temperatures.
CryoConcept
CryoConcept, an Air Liquide affiliate since 2020, designs and builds ultra-low temperature dilution refrigerator systems capable of reaching temperatures below 10mK. Founded in 2000 as a spin-off from CEA (French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission), the company specializes in cryogenic infrastructure essential for superconducting quantum computers. CryoConcept's unique Ultra Quiet Technology (UQT) reduces vibrations across the entire cryostat, providing highly stable experimental environments. Their product range includes HEXA-DRY cryogen-free and HEXA-WET liquid helium dilution refrigerators, with the HEXA-DRY XXL Solutions specifically designed for quantum computing applications. The company employs specialists in deep refrigeration using helium-3/helium-4 dilution technology, serving research institutions and quantum computing companies worldwide requiring millikelvin operating temperatures.
Cryomagnetics
Cryomagnetics Inc. is a leading manufacturer of superconducting magnet systems and cryogenic equipment founded in 1969, based in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, serving quantum computing and scientific research markets. The company manufactures superconducting magnets, cryostats, and cryogenic systems essential for quantum computing applications requiring ultra-low temperatures and high magnetic fields. Cryomagnetics provides superconducting magnet solutions for quantum processors, quantum sensing systems, and quantum research requiring precise magnetic field control at cryogenic temperatures. The company's products support superconducting qubit systems, trapped ion quantum computers, and quantum sensing applications. Cryomagnetics serves quantum computing manufacturers, national laboratories, universities, and research institutions requiring reliable superconducting magnet systems and cryogenic infrastructure for quantum technology development and quantum physics research.
Cutting Edge Superconductors
Cutting Edge Superconductors Inc. is a USA-based manufacturer of high-quality superconducting materials and components for quantum computing and advanced technology applications. The company specializes in production of superconducting wires, tapes, and materials used in quantum computing systems, cryogenic electronics, and superconducting circuits. Cutting Edge Superconductors manufactures High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) and Low Temperature Superconductor (LTS) materials essential for quantum processors, superconducting qubits, and quantum computing infrastructure. The company provides custom superconducting solutions for quantum computing manufacturers requiring precision superconducting materials with superior performance characteristics. Cutting Edge Superconductors serves quantum technology companies, research laboratories, and cryogenic system manufacturers needing high-performance superconducting components for quantum computing, quantum sensing, and superconducting electronics applications.
Delft Circuits
Delft Circuits is a Dutch quantum technology company founded in 2017 as a QuTech spinout that specializes in manufacturing high-performance cryogenic quantum cables and interconnects essential for quantum computing systems. The company's core product, Cri/oFlex® cabling, provides low-noise, high-fidelity signal transmission solutions that enable precise control and readout of qubits in dilution refrigerators. December 2025: Appointed Martin Danoesastro as CEO and secured €8M Series A extension, bringing total funding to €15M. Investment will accelerate product innovation and expand manufacturing capacity for Cri/oFlex® cabling. Delft Circuits serves quantum computing companies worldwide with critical infrastructure components that maintain signal integrity at millikelvin temperatures required for superconducting quantum processors.
Dimira Technologies
Dimira Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is a Mumbai-based quantum hardware company incubated at IIT Mumbai (IIT Bombay), recognized and selected for facilitating technological development under India's National Quantum Mission. The company focuses on indigenous development of cryogenic radio frequency cables for quantum computing and other applications, critical components for maintaining the low-temperature environments required for quantum hardware operation. Dimira was selected as one of eight startups out of 130 applications announced by Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh. The National Quantum Mission, approved by the Union Cabinet on April 19, 2023, allocated Rs.6003.65 crore from 2023-24 to projected 2030-31 to seed, nurture, and scale up scientific and industrial R&D. Dimira Technologies contributes to India's goal of achieving technological self-reliance in quantum computing infrastructure.
DiTom Microwave
DiTom Microwave specializes in manufacturing RF isolators and circulators for high-reliability applications including quantum computing. The company produces cryogenic RF components designed to operate at temperatures below 77K down to the millikelvin range required for superconducting quantum computers. DiTom's cryogenic isolators and circulators serve the quantum computing industry's need for reliable microwave components that maintain performance at ultra-low temperatures. Their products are essential for qubit control and readout in superconducting quantum processors. The company serves aerospace, defense, space-qualified, and cryogenic hardware markets with proven reliability in extreme environments.
Edwards Vacuum
Edwards Vacuum is a British engineering company founded in 1919 by physicist Frederick David Edwards and his father William, specializing in vacuum and cryogenic technologies for semiconductor, research, and industrial applications. Headquartered in Burgess Hill, UK, and part of the Atlas Copco Group since 2014, Edwards acquired Brooks Automation's CTI-Cryogenics and Polycold cryopump operations in 2018 for $675 million, significantly expanding its cryogenic capabilities. Edwards' cryogenic products serve the quantum computing industry, with photonics-based and ion-trap quantum computers requiring bespoke cryogenic solutions. In February 2022, Edwards joined a consortium led by Universal Quantum, awarded a £7.5M grant from Innovate UK to develop an error-corrected quantum computer, with Edwards responsible for designing, assembling, and commissioning the extreme high vacuum system for the quantum error correction quantum computer (QEC QC). Edwards' combination of vacuum technology expertise and cryogenic systems positions it as a critical supplier to the global quantum computing hardware ecosystem.
EeroQ
EeroQ develops innovative helium-based quantum processors using electrons floating on superfluid helium to create qubits with superior coherence properties and reduced environmental sensitivity. Co-founded by MSU Associate Professor Johannes Pollanen, building on research pioneered at MSU and Bell Labs. October 2025: Published breakthrough in Physical Review X demonstrating first-ever control and detection of individual electrons trapped on superfluid helium at temperatures above 1 Kelvin - 100x warmer than typical quantum systems, opening pathway to more practical quantum processors without dilution refrigerators. 2025 Achievements: Named 2025 MSU Startup of the Year. CEO Nick Farina named to Crain's Chicago Business 40 Under 40. Built largest scaling architecture for quantum computer to date: 2,432 electrons using standard CMOS fabrication. December 2025: Received strategic investment from SEALSQ Corp as part of their 'Quantum Made in USA' industrial strategy. Over $13.5 million in venture funding secured.
Emergence Quantum
Emergence Quantum is an Australian quantum technology company that launched in May 2025 as a spinoff from the University of Sydney. The company was co-founded by Professor David Reilly and Dr. Thomas Ohki, both formerly of Microsoft's quantum computing division. The company develops qubit-agnostic quantum control systems, cryogenic electronics, and quantum sensing technologies. Emergence Quantum specializes in building the 'connective tissue' between qubits and software stacks, including cryogenic control electronics essential for scaling quantum computers. The founding team of approximately 20 members came from Microsoft's Quantum research program and contributed to the development of Microsoft's Majorana 1 quantum chip. In July 2025, Emergence Quantum established a strategic collaboration with IonQ to advance quantum computing hardware capabilities. The company's first commercial products became available in late 2025, focusing on enabling quantum computing systems to scale more effectively through advanced control and sensing technologies.
Epoch Wires
Epoch Wires Ltd. is an Indian manufacturer of specialized wires and superconducting materials serving advanced technology markets including quantum computing infrastructure. The company produces superconducting wires, cables, and components used in cryogenic applications, quantum computing systems, and scientific research requiring ultra-low temperature electrical conductivity. Epoch Wires manufactures materials supporting quantum computing infrastructure including superconducting interconnects, cryogenic wiring, and specialized conductors for quantum processors operating at cryogenic temperatures. As an Indian superconductor manufacturer, Epoch Wires supports India's National Quantum Mission and emerging quantum technology ecosystem. The company serves quantum computing manufacturers, research institutions, cryogenic equipment providers, and quantum technology companies in India and globally, providing specialized wire products for quantum computing infrastructure, quantum research laboratories, and cryogenic quantum systems.
Faraday Factory Japan
Faraday Factory Japan is a Japanese manufacturer developing cost-effective mass production methods for High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) tapes with production capacities approaching 100 thousand kilometers per year. The company produces second-generation HTS wire using advanced manufacturing processes, reducing costs and increasing availability of superconducting materials for quantum computing applications. Faraday Factory Japan manufactures superconducting tape essential for quantum computing infrastructure including superconducting qubits, quantum interconnects, and cryogenic quantum systems. The company's mass production capabilities enable large-scale deployment of superconducting materials for quantum processors and quantum technology applications. Faraday Factory Japan serves quantum computing manufacturers, research institutions, cryogenic equipment providers, and quantum technology companies requiring high-volume, cost-effective superconducting wire for quantum computing infrastructure, quantum communication systems, and quantum sensing applications.
Filtronic
Filtronic is a UK-based RF, microwave, and mmWave solutions provider specializing in customized filters, diplexers, and low-noise amplifiers for quantum computing systems. Their cryogenic-compatible RF filters operate at temperatures near absolute zero to minimize microwave noise in superconducting qubit systems, with switched filter banks enabling dynamic frequency adjustment for enhanced performance in varying quantum computing environments. Filtronic designs bespoke RF solutions for quantum computing companies supporting both control systems outside and circuits inside dilution refrigerators.
FormFactor
FormFactor provides quantum test and measurement solutions including cryogenic probing systems, quantum device test interfaces, and specialized measurement equipment that enable the characterization and testing of quantum devices at ultra-low temperatures required for quantum computing and quantum electronics applications.
Fraunhofer IPMS Quantum Computing Group
Fraunhofer IPMS Quantum Computing Group leads integrated German quantum computer development with 24 institutions, focusing on superconducting quantum chips with improved error rates. The Dresden research institute coordinates national quantum computing programs. Fraunhofer IPMS develops superconducting qubit fabrication processes, quantum chip integration, and packaging technologies to enable scalable quantum computing systems manufactured in Germany.
Frequency Electronics
Frequency Electronics designs precision timing and frequency control products including atomic clocks (hydrogen, cesium, rubidium standards) and RF modules up to 67 GHz for quantum sensing and quantum computing applications. The company has over 40 years of quantum sensing experience, developing nitrogen-vacancy diamond magnetometers for the Defense Innovation Unit and Rydberg atom-based RF sensors in partnership with NIST and Freedom Photonics. Frequency Electronics provides critical timing infrastructure for government, defense, aerospace, and quantum technology applications.
FrostByte
FrostByte is a 2025 spin-out from QuTech at TU Delft developing cryogenic electronics that address the scaling bottlenecks facing quantum technologies. The company creates integrated circuits and control electronics that operate at ultra-low temperatures directly alongside quantum processors, reducing wiring complexity and improving signal fidelity. FrostByte's innovations enable the scaling of quantum computers from hundreds to thousands of qubits.
Fuji Electric
Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. is a major Japanese electrical equipment manufacturer founded in 1923, producing superconducting materials and components serving quantum computing and power applications. The company manufactures superconducting wires, cables, and systems using both Low Temperature Superconductor (LTS) and High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) technologies. Fuji Electric provides superconducting solutions for quantum computing infrastructure including cryogenic systems, superconducting magnets, and power conditioning equipment essential for quantum processors. The company leverages extensive experience in power electronics and cryogenic systems to support quantum computing manufacturers requiring reliable superconducting components. Fuji Electric serves quantum technology companies, research institutions, and cryogenic equipment manufacturers in Japan and globally, providing superconducting materials for quantum processors, quantum communication systems, and quantum computing infrastructure requiring advanced superconducting technologies.
Fujikura
Fujikura Ltd. is a major Japanese manufacturer founded in 1885, producing superconducting wires, cables, and materials for quantum computing and telecommunications applications. The company manufactures High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) wire and cable products using advanced production technologies, serving quantum computing infrastructure requirements. Fujikura provides superconducting solutions for quantum processors, superconducting qubits, quantum interconnects, and cryogenic quantum systems requiring ultra-low resistance electrical conductivity at cryogenic temperatures. The company leverages over 135 years of cable and wire manufacturing expertise to produce high-quality superconducting materials for quantum technology applications. Fujikura serves quantum computing manufacturers, research institutions, telecommunications companies, and cryogenic equipment providers requiring reliable superconducting wire and cable products for quantum computing infrastructure, quantum communication networks, and quantum sensing systems.
GEM Systems
GEM Advanced Magnetometers is a world leader in high-precision quantum magnetometer technology for earth science, geophysics, mineral and oil exploration, environmental applications, UXO detection, and earthquake research. Founded in 1980 and managed by Dr. Ivan Hrvoic, GEM leads in developing advanced quantum magnetometer technologies including Overhauser, optically pumped Potassium (K-Mag), and Proton Precession magnetometers. Based in Markham, Ontario, the company pioneered the potassium vapor magnetometer and continues innovation in quantum sensing. GEM's magnetometers and gradiometers serve global geophysical survey, resource exploration, and scientific research applications requiring ultra-sensitive magnetic field detection.
Geometrics
Geometrics is a leading manufacturer of magnetometers and geophysical instruments based in San Jose, California. The company develops and manufactures precision magnetometers for measuring planetary-scale magnetic fields using quantum sensing principles. Geometrics operates under a Space Act Agreement with NASA to test magnetometers in specially constructed non-magnetic facilities at Moffett Field, which are instrumental to their product development. With $23.4 million in revenue and 85 employees, Geometrics serves geophysical survey, marine exploration, aerospace, and scientific research markets. The company partners with Texas Instruments on next-generation silicon-based magnetometers incorporating MEMS technology for smaller, more deployable quantum sensors.
GlobalFoundries
GlobalFoundries leverages its advanced semiconductor manufacturing capabilities to provide quantum chip fabrication services for quantum computing companies, offering specialized processes and clean room facilities for producing superconducting qubits and quantum devices using established semiconductor manufacturing infrastructure.
Hamamatsu Photonics
Hamamatsu Photonics manufactures photonic devices and optical sensors for quantum technologies, including photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs), and qCMOS cameras for trapped ion and neutral atom quantum computing. Recent products include the ORCA-Quest 2 qCMOS camera with faster readout and enhanced UV sensitivity, plus their first commercial optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) for ultra-low magnetic field detection in quantum sensing. Hamamatsu acquired NKT Photonics in 2022 to strengthen its quantum photonics capabilities.
High Precision Devices
High Precision Devices (HPD) is a US cryogenic instrumentation company founded in 1993 that develops specialized ultra-low temperature measurement and control instruments for quantum computing and quantum research applications, providing precision thermometry, cryogenic switches, temperature controllers, and measurement electronics that enable accurate monitoring and control of quantum systems operating at millikelvin temperatures, serving quantum computing companies, research institutions, and national laboratories with high-precision instrumentation essential for quantum device characterization, quantum state control, and cryogenic system optimization in dilution refrigerators and other ultra-low temperature environments.
High Temperature Superconductors
High Temperature Superconductors Inc. is a USA-based manufacturer specializing in high-temperature superconducting materials and components for quantum computing and advanced technology applications. The company produces superconducting wires, tapes, and materials used in quantum computing systems, superconducting electronics, and cryogenic applications. High Temperature Superconductors manufactures HTS materials operating at higher temperatures than conventional superconductors, reducing cooling requirements for quantum computing infrastructure. The company provides custom superconducting solutions for quantum processors, superconducting qubits, and quantum computing systems requiring reliable superconducting performance. High Temperature Superconductors serves quantum technology companies, research laboratories, cryogenic equipment manufacturers, and quantum computing startups requiring high-quality superconducting materials for quantum processors, quantum communication systems, and quantum sensing applications operating at cryogenic temperatures.
HÜBNER Photonics
HÜBNER Photonics is a leading manufacturer of lasers and THz systems for quantum technology applications. Headquartered in Kassel, Germany, with manufacturing in Kassel and Stockholm, Sweden, plus offices in USA and UK, the company offers single and multi-line lasers, the tunable C-WAVE laser, and laser combiners for quantum research. HÜBNER expanded its research and production facilities in Kassel specifically to meet growing demand for tunable single-frequency laser sources in quantum technology research and augmented reality holography. Their products serve spectroscopy, bioinstrumentation, metrology, nanophotonics, and quantum technology research. HÜBNER has become a preferred supplier to major quantum research groups and public institutions worldwide.
Hyper Tech Research
Hyper Tech Research Inc. is a leading manufacturer and developer of advanced superconducting materials based in Columbus, Ohio, founded in 1999, specializing in superconducting wire technology for quantum computing and energy applications. The company manufactures high-performance superconducting wires including Niobium-Titanium (NbTi), Niobium-Tin (Nb3Sn), and Magnesium Diboride (MgB2) superconductors used in quantum computing systems and cryogenic applications. Hyper Tech Research provides superconducting materials for quantum processors, superconducting qubits, quantum interconnects, and cryogenic quantum computing infrastructure requiring ultra-low resistance electrical conductivity. The company conducts research and development on next-generation superconducting materials with improved performance characteristics for quantum computing applications. Hyper Tech Research serves quantum computing manufacturers, national laboratories, universities, and research institutions requiring specialized superconducting materials for quantum technology development.
HYPRES
HYPRES specializes in superconducting electronics and rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) technology for quantum computing applications, providing advanced cryogenic electronics, superconducting circuits, and quantum control systems that enable precise manipulation and readout of quantum states in superconducting quantum processors with over four decades of expertise in superconducting technologies.
Industrial Technology Research Institute Quantum Division
Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) Quantum Division developed a low-temperature-control IC module using TSMC's 28nm technology, reducing quantum computer size by 40%. Taiwan's leading applied research institution is leveraging its semiconductor expertise to develop quantum computing components. ITRI's quantum division works on quantum control electronics, cryogenic IC integration, and quantum processor development, supporting Taiwan's strategy to apply its world-leading semiconductor capabilities to quantum computing.
Intel Quantum
In 2024, Intel's spin qubits achieved 99.9% gate fidelity, the highest reported for qubits made with all-CMOS-industry manufacturing, demonstrated in research published in Nature titled 'Probing single electrons across 300-mm spin qubit wafers.' On December 25, 2024, Intel published research on '12-Spin-Qubit Arrays Fabricated on a 300 mm Semiconductor Manufacturing Line' in Nano Letters, featuring the Tunnel Falls device consisting of 12 quantum dots arranged in a linear array - the largest number of qubits reported in a single Si/SiGe device to date. Intel researchers used a 300-millimeter cryogenic probing process, CMOS manufacturing techniques, and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography to achieve tight dimensions while manufacturing in high volume. The small size of Intel's spin qubits (approximately 100 nanometers across) makes them denser than other qubit types like superconducting qubits, enabling construction of more complex quantum computers on a single chip. Intel plans to demonstrate high-fidelity two-qubit gates on its industry manufacturing process and develop 2D arrays with increased qubit count and connectivity.
IPG Photonics
IPG Photonics manufactures fiber lasers and amplifiers including single-frequency linearly polarized sources for quantum computing applications. The company offers optical frequency combs for biomedical sensing, metrology, and quantum computing, along with specialized ultrafast lasers that deliver compact and efficient solutions purpose-built for quantum systems. IPG Photonics works directly with major quantum computing companies providing high-performance laser sources critical for quantum operations.
Isentroniq
Isentroniq is a Paris-based quantum hardware startup founded in May 2025 by Paul Magnard (PhD in experimental quantum information processing from ETH Zürich, former lead architect at Alice & Bob) and Théodore Amar (former Bain & Company consultant, ex-head of marketing at Hilti) that develops next-generation wiring infrastructure for superconducting quantum computers to solve the critical cryogenic power and space bottleneck that currently limits scaling beyond a few hundred qubits. In October 2025, Isentroniq raised €7.5 million in pre-seed funding led by Heartcore Capital with participation from OVNI Capital, Kima Ventures, IXCORE Group, Better Angle, EPSL VC, plus support from Bpifrance and France 2030 to industrialize its proprietary dense, near-heatless wiring technology that enables 1,000x more qubits to be integrated into existing dilution refrigerators. The company's breakthrough wiring solution is designed to remove heat, cost, and space constraints inside cryostats and unlock the path to million-qubit systems, with the potential to reduce the price of a million-qubit quantum computer from tens of billions to approximately €50 million while solving the wiring deadlock that has become the primary barrier to scaling superconducting quantum processors as control and readout lines currently add excessive heat and complexity that cap systems at a few hundred qubits.
Janis Research
Janis Research Company LLC is an American manufacturer of cryogenic and vacuum systems founded in 1961, headquartered in Woburn, Massachusetts. Janis provides cryogenic equipment including dilution refrigerators, cryostats, and ultra-low temperature systems used in quantum computing research, quantum materials studies, and quantum device testing. The company cryogenic systems enable temperatures approaching absolute zero required for superconducting qubit operation and quantum physics experiments. Janis serves quantum computing companies, research universities, national laboratories, and quantum technology developers requiring cryogenic infrastructure for quantum experiments and quantum processor cooling. The company contributes to quantum technology supply chain providing essential cryogenic equipment for quantum computing hardware development and quantum research advancing practical quantum computer implementations and quantum technology commercialization.
Kiutra
Kiutra develops revolutionary helium-3-free, cryogen-free cooling systems for quantum technologies and materials research, founded in 2018 as a spin-off from Technical University of Munich by Alexander Regnat, Jan Spallek, Tomek Schulz, and Christian Pfleiderer. The company specializes in adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration (ADR) technology to provide efficient, easy-to-handle cryostats that facilitate quantum computer operation and scientific research without the need for expensive and scarce helium-3. In October 2025, Kiutra secured €13 million in new financing led by NovaCapital and 55 North to accelerate its global scale-up and expand production of next-generation quantum cooling solutions, addressing a critical infrastructure need for the growing quantum computing industry.
KM Labs
KM Labs is a JILA/NIST ecosystem company providing ultrafast lasers and optical systems for quantum technology research. The Boulder company manufactures femtosecond laser systems. KM Labs' ultrafast laser systems serve quantum optics research, quantum communications, and quantum computing applications requiring short optical pulses and precise optical frequency combs.
Lake Shore Cryotronics
Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc. is an American manufacturer of measurement and control technology for cryogenic and room temperature environments founded in 1968, headquartered in Westerville, Ohio. Lake Shore provides cryogenic temperature sensors, controllers, and measurement systems used extensively in quantum computing research and quantum technology development. The company products enable precise temperature control and measurement critical for superconducting qubit operation, quantum materials characterization, and quantum device testing. Lake Shore serves quantum computing companies, research universities, national laboratories, and quantum technology developers requiring precision cryogenic measurement and control equipment. The company contributes to quantum technology infrastructure providing essential measurement tools for quantum computing hardware development, quantum physics experiments, and quantum system characterization advancing quantum technology commercialization and quantum research capabilities worldwide.
Leiden Cryogenics
Leiden Cryogenics is a Dutch company founded in 1984 specializing in advanced cryogenic systems essential for quantum computing and quantum sensing applications, providing dilution refrigerators, cryostats, and ultra-low temperature systems required for superconducting quantum computers and quantum devices. The company supplies cryogenic infrastructure to quantum computing companies, research institutions, and national laboratories worldwide, enabling quantum systems to operate at the millikelvin temperatures necessary for quantum coherence and quantum computing operations. Leiden Cryogenics develops customized cryogenic solutions for quantum technology applications including quantum computers, quantum sensors, and fundamental physics research, with systems capable of reaching temperatures below 10 millikelvin required for advanced quantum devices. The company's cryogenic expertise is critical for the quantum technology ecosystem, providing the ultra-cold environments necessary for superconducting qubits, trapped ion systems, and quantum sensing applications.
Leybold
Leybold GmbH was founded by Ernst Leybold in Cologne in 1850, based in Cologne as part of Swedish industry group Atlas Copco, celebrating its 175th anniversary in 2025. The company's core competencies are development of components and systems for generation of vacuum and gas management engineering. Leybold provides forevacuum pumps and turbomolecular pumps including oil-free ECODRY plus multi-stage roots pump with extremely low vibration for quantum computing applications. Quantum computing requires components chilled to near absolute zero whilst others stored in ultra-high vacuum (UHV). Leybold COOLPOWER range Gifford-McMahon closed-cycle coldheads enable faster pumping to UHV, and PHOENIX range represents most innovative leak detection technology meeting accuracy and speed requirements of quantum research. Leybold serves quantum computing research laboratories and manufacturers requiring ultra-high vacuum environments and precision leak detection for quantum processor fabrication and operation.
LongWave Photonics
LongWave Photonics is a California-based company founded in 2010 by Alan Lee and Qing Hu, specializing in terahertz quantum cascade laser (QCL) systems for imaging, spectroscopy, and heterodyne receivers. Based in Mountain View, California's Silicon Valley, LongWave Photonics offers compact, turnkey terahertz QCL systems with milliwatt average power levels available across frequencies from 1.9 to 5 THz. The company's systems operate cryogen-free, require no optical alignment, and provide convenient terahertz sources for research and industrial applications. LongWave Photonics has received funding from institutional investor Innobridge Capital and the National Science Foundation through SBIR grants supporting NASA-related quantum photonics projects. The company's terahertz quantum cascade lasers serve quantum sensing, spectroscopy, and imaging applications requiring compact, reliable terahertz radiation sources. LongWave Photonics addresses the terahertz gap in the electromagnetic spectrum, providing quantum photonics solutions for security screening, materials characterization, astronomical detection, and fundamental physics research requiring terahertz frequency sources.
Low Noise Factory
Low Noise Factory develops ultra-low noise quantum amplifiers and cryogenic electronics essential for quantum computing and quantum sensing applications, providing high-performance amplification solutions that enable sensitive quantum measurements and precise quantum state readout in superconducting quantum systems.
M-Wave Design
M-Wave Design is a leading supplier of ferrite-based RF and microwave components for aerospace, defense, and quantum computing applications. Founded in 1988 and based in Simi Valley, California, the company designs and manufactures passive waveguide and coaxial components including isolators, circulators, adapters, and terminations. M-Wave's product portfolio is uniquely positioned to supply components that perform at cryogenic temperatures used in quantum computing, filling a critical niche for ferrite-based components in quantum processor systems. Acquired by Quantic Electronics in May 2024, M-Wave continues serving quantum computing, aerospace, and defense markets with high-reliability ferrite components. CEO Ken Boswell leads the operations.
Maybell Quantum
Maybell Quantum, founded in 2021 in Colorado, provides next-generation quantum infrastructure including advanced dilution refrigerators designed for improved reliability and user experience. In September 2025, the company secured $40 million in Series B funding led by Addition, bringing total funding to $65 million. Maybell exited stealth in 2022 with its Icebox (now 'The Fridge') cryogenic dilution refrigerator, followed by the larger Big Fridge in 2023 offering double the cooling capacity. The company also provides advanced wiring solutions that reduce thermal load and footprint. In 2025, Maybell partnered with Entanglement Inc. for cryogenic systems in quantum laboratories. Their redesigned dilution refrigerators address key reliability challenges faced by quantum computing companies and research institutions requiring ultra-low temperature environments for superconducting and other qubit technologies.
Mectalent
Mectalent is a top expert in product development, precision mechanics, and demanding equipment manufacturing for quantum technology applications. Based in Oulu with 6,000 m² of office and production facilities, the company has accumulated extensive expertise in vacuum technology, understanding the mechanical design, parts manufacturing, and equipment requirements for quantum systems. Mectalent cooperates with industry leaders including IQM Quantum Computers and Bluefors, providing precision manufacturing and vacuum technology components for quantum computing systems. As a member of Photonics Finland technology cluster, Mectalent serves Europe's quantum computing ecosystem with precision-engineered vacuum and mechanical components.
MetOx International
MetOx International is a Houston-based manufacturer of second-generation high-temperature superconducting (2G HTS) wire and tape founded in 2000, developing cost-effective mass production methods for HTS materials. The company produces Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO) superconducting wire with production capacities approaching 100 thousand kilometers per year, serving quantum computing and power industry applications. MetOx's superconducting wire enables quantum computing infrastructure including superconducting qubits, quantum interconnects, and cryogenic quantum systems requiring high-performance superconducting materials. The company's cost-effective manufacturing processes reduce superconductor costs, making quantum computing infrastructure more accessible. MetOx International serves quantum computing manufacturers, research institutions, cryogenic equipment providers, and quantum technology companies requiring reliable, high-quality superconducting wire for quantum processors, quantum communication systems, and quantum sensing applications operating at cryogenic temperatures.
Montana Instruments
Montana Instruments is a USA-based manufacturer founded in 2014, providing integrated charcoal cryo-pumps for high vacuum operation in quantum computing applications. The company develops cryogenic systems and instruments for quantum research and quantum computing operations requiring ultra-low temperature environments. Montana Instruments manufactures cryostats and cryogenic platforms optimized for quantum processor testing, characterization, and operation at millikelvin temperatures. The company's integrated cryogenic solutions enable researchers and quantum computing manufacturers to achieve stable ultra-low temperature environments essential for superconducting qubit operations. Montana Instruments serves quantum computing research laboratories, universities, and quantum hardware manufacturers requiring turnkey cryogenic solutions for quantum processor development, testing, and characterization applications. The company's cryogenic platforms support quantum research across superconducting qubits, spin qubits, and other quantum computing modalities requiring cryogenic operation.
Nord Quantique
Nord Quantique is a pioneering quantum error correction company founded in 2020 in Sherbrooke, Quebec, that develops fault-tolerant quantum computers using bosonic codes and multimode encoding with their breakthrough Tesseract code, exploiting the natural redundancy of photons within quantum modes to achieve built-in error resilience without requiring more physical qubits, demonstrating industry-first quantum error correction at the qubit level with plans to deliver utility-scale machines exceeding 100 logical qubits by 2029 while consuming dramatically less energy than classical HPC systems. November 2025: Selected for DARPA Stage B of Quantum Benchmarking Initiative (up to $15M funding) for superconducting technology with bosonic error correction, advancing toward utility-scale quantum computing by 2033. 2025 Developments: In February 2025, Government of Canada invested $8.1 million in Sherbrooke's quantum sector including Nord Quantique. Funding enabled acquisition of dilution refrigerators and quantum control electronics. In May 2025, announced multimode quantum encoding technology that cuts qubit count and boosts error correction. Secured supply chain for quantum chip manufacturing.
Omni Circuit Boards
Omni Circuit Boards Ltd. is a Canadian manufacturer specializing in superconductive low-temperature aluminum-trace printed circuit boards for quantum computing and cryogenic applications. Founded in 1985 as Omni Graphics print shop, the company quickly evolved into a premier PCB manufacturer for prototyping, short runs, and urgent R&D response projects. Based in Richmond, British Columbia, Omni Circuit Boards is the proud manufacturer of cryogenic aluminum-trace PCBs found in D-Wave quantum computers. The company's aluminum-trace PCB technology is essential for low-temperature engineering, quantum computing systems, and other leading-edge applications requiring specialized circuit boards that function at cryogenic temperatures. Omni Circuit Boards signed a research and development agreement with D-Wave Systems Inc. to support further advancement of aluminum-trace printed circuit boards for quantum computing applications. With over 35 years of PCB fabrication experience, Omni Circuit Boards provides critical infrastructure components enabling superconducting quantum computing systems to operate reliably at ultra-low temperatures.
OptQC
OptQC is a Japanese photonic quantum computing company building highly scalable, general-purpose optical quantum computers operating at room temperature using time-domain multiplexing technology. Founded on 25 years of optical quantum computing research at University of Tokyo. November 2025: Signed collaboration agreement with NTT Corporation to develop optical quantum computers targeting 10,000 qubits by 2027 and 1 million qubits by 2030. 2025 Developments: First commercial optical quantum computer scheduled for April 2026. Target: 10,000 quantum modes processor by 2028. Technology enables room-temperature operation and scalable quantum computing without cryogenic cooling. Partnership with NTT leverages Japan's photonics and telecommunications expertise.
ORCA Computing
ORCA Computing is a University of Oxford spinout founded in 2019 developing photonic quantum computers using single photons and time-bin encoding. The company's technology operates at room temperature without complex cryogenic cooling. In October 2024, ORCA launched the PT-2 system featuring Sparrow Quantum's photon chip technology, achieving 4,000x performance increase over PT-1 with 90 effective qubits. The PT-2 enables quantum-enhanced generative AI capabilities. 2025 Developments: Selected for UK National Quantum Computing Centre (NQCC) Testbed Programme. Continued expansion of cloud-accessible quantum computing services. Partnerships with defense, aerospace, and enterprise customers for optimization and machine learning applications. Focus on building toward fault-tolerant photonic quantum computing with PT-3 roadmap targeting 2026.
Oxford Instruments
Oxford Instruments is a UK-based scientific instruments company founded in 1959 as the first commercial spin-out from Oxford University that has become a leading provider of cryogenic systems essential for quantum computing, developing the Proteox family of dilution refrigerators including the ProteoxQX modular systems exceeding 3 meters in height with scalable workspace for large quantum processing units, providing 25 µW cooling power at 20 mK temperatures and comprehensive I/O capacity for qubit scale-up, serving quantum computing companies like Oxford Quantum Circuits and Rigetti before selling their NanoScience quantum-focused division to Quantum Design for £60 million to focus on other scientific instrument applications. November 2025: Oxford Instruments announced participation in a major quantum-AI data center initiative in New York City, contributing cryogenic systems and quantum enabling technologies to support next-generation quantum computing infrastructure for AI applications. November 2025: Oxford Instruments announced participation in a major quantum-AI data center initiative in New York City, contributing cryogenic systems and quantum enabling technologies to support next-generation quantum computing infrastructure for AI applications.
Phoenix Company of Chicago PkZ Quantum
Phoenix Company of Chicago provides PkZ Connection Technology specialized for quantum computing RF interconnects and cabling. The historic Chicago company manufactures RF components. Phoenix's PkZ quantum interconnect technology provides high-density, low-loss RF connections for quantum computing systems, addressing the challenge of routing thousands of RF control lines in cryogenic quantum processors.
Photarix
Photarix is a 2024-2025 Lancaster University spinout developing Quantum Ring Single-Photon Light-Emitting Diodes (QR SPLEDs) for Quantum Key Distribution - compact, low-cost, room-temperature operation. Founded by Gizem Acar Tekin (CEO) and Professor Manus Hayne (Chief Scientific Officer). November 2025: Showcased at UK National Quantum Technologies Showcase in London. 2026: Invited to host stand at International Cyber Expo in London. First Lancaster spinout through NW CyberCom programme. Funding: European Commission Horizon 2020 (Quantimony doctoral network), Innovate UK Future Telecoms ICURe programme, Research England NW CyberCom (£1.2M initiative). Applications: quantum-secure communications for banking, messaging, data storage. Technology enables on-demand single-photon emission at telecom wavelengths without cryogenic cooling.
Photon Queue
Photon Queue is the first startup from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign accepted into Duality Accelerator and the first quantum-focused UIUC startup, led by current and former PhD students from physics professors Paul Kwiat and Virginia Lorenz's labs, based on research from Kwiat's group. The company develops efficient and less costly quantum memories by storing single photons in free-space storage loops using optical switches paired with high-reflectivity mirrors, avoiding complex transduction processes required by other quantum memory approaches. Photon Queue's unique approach keeps photonic qubits intact through motion in compact spaces, avoiding costly cryogenics, ovens, or vacuums, designed to work with virtually any single photon source. The technology uses multiplexed optical delay lines and Herriott cells for compact, efficient photon storage. Photon Queue joined Chicago Quantum Exchange as corporate partner. Applications include quantum communication, computing, and metrology requiring photon storage and retrieval for quantum information processing and distributed quantum systems.
Photon Spot
Photon Spot is a California-based company specializing in sub-Kelvin cryogenic systems and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) for quantum technology applications. Founded in 2009 and headquartered in Monrovia, California, the company offers detectors with ultralow dark counts, precise timing resolution, and high quantum efficiency, combined with cryogenic systems operating at temperatures below 1 Kelvin. Photon Spot's products serve quantum communications, quantum computing, quantum sensing, and semiconductor diagnostics applications. The company's ultra-compact, ultra-low vibration cryogenic systems support time-resolved imaging applications benefiting integrated circuit manufacturers and quantum technology researchers. Primary customers include research institutions, national laboratories, and companies engaged in quantum-related research and development. Backed by investors including the National Science Foundation, Photon Spot represents American innovation in single-photon detection technology critical to photonic quantum computing, quantum key distribution, and quantum metrology applications.
PHPK Technologies
PHPK Technologies provides cryogenic and high vacuum equipment, vacuum jacketed piping, and CVI Torr Master Cryopump product line for quantum applications. The company manufactures vacuum systems. PHPK's vacuum pumps and cryogenic equipment serve quantum computing and quantum sensing applications requiring ultra-high vacuum environments and cryogenic pumping capabilities.
Quanastra
Quanastra Pvt. Ltd. is a Delhi-based quantum hardware company selected under India's National Quantum Mission (NQM), developing cutting-edge superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) and advanced cryogenic systems for quantum communication, computing, and imaging applications. The company offers custom SNSPD chips in seven configurations for wide-ranging quantum and research applications, providing high-efficiency superconducting solutions for quantum tech, telecom, and scientific research. Quanastra creates customizable cryogenic systems and advanced superconducting detectors to support quantum sensing and communication efforts. Selected startups receive infrastructure, mentoring, and industry connections through rigorous evaluation by the I-HUB Quantum Technology Foundation, accelerating innovation in secure communication, superconducting systems, and sensing technologies.
Quantum Brilliance
Quantum Brilliance develops revolutionary room-temperature quantum accelerators using synthetic diamond with nitrogen-vacancy centers as qubits, eliminating the need for cryogenic cooling systems while creating compact quantum computers suitable for edge computing, mobile platforms, and space applications. December 2025: Appointed Brian Wong as Board Chair (40+ years semiconductor leadership) to accelerate commercialization. November 2025: Opened world's first commercial Quantum Diamond Foundry in Melbourne with $18M from Breakthrough Victoria and National Reconstruction Fund support. October 2025: Quoll system at Oak Ridge National Lab named TIME Best Inventions 2025. January 2025: Raised $20M Series A from Main Sequence, In-Q-Tel, Intervalley Ventures. Fraunhofer Institute (Germany) purchased QB-QDK2.0 - first room-temperature quantum accelerator in Europe. Technology integrates with NVIDIA CUDA-Q platform. Partners: CyberSeQ, LuxProvide for quantum-secure encryption using PQC algorithms. Market positioning: leading room-temperature quantum approach with diamond foundry manufacturing capability, TIME recognition, and In-Q-Tel defense backing.
Quantum Design
Quantum Design specializes in cryogenic measurement systems and ultra-low temperature equipment for quantum research and quantum device characterization, providing SQUID magnetometers, dilution refrigerators, and precision measurement instruments that enable scientists to study quantum phenomena and develop quantum technologies over four decades of innovation.
Quantum Flow Technologies
Quantum Flow Technologies manufactures specialized pumps and fluid handling equipment for quantum computing infrastructure. The company provides vacuum pumps, cryogenic fluid handling systems, and precision flow control equipment essential for quantum computer cooling systems. Quantum Flow Technologies serves quantum hardware manufacturers requiring ultra-reliable fluid and vacuum systems for maintaining quantum processor operating conditions.
Quantum Microwave
Quantum Microwave offers millimeter and microwave low noise amplifiers, attenuators, cryogenic products, mixers, multipliers, bias tees, filters, and more for quantum computing applications. The company provides cryogenic testing available at 4K and 10 mK temperatures. Quantum Microwave's cryogenic components are designed with OFHC Copper for optimal thermal conductivity in ultra-low temperature environments. The company's amplifiers and attenuators minimize noise at cryogenic temperatures, enabling accurate detection of quantum signals. On quantum computer control lines, attenuators reduce thermal radiation and signal power to levels suitable for qubit control, while amplifiers on readout lines make quantum signals detectable at room temperature. Quantum Microwave serves quantum computing manufacturers requiring high-performance RF and microwave components for superconducting quantum processors, trapped ion systems, and other quantum computing platforms requiring ultra-low noise cryogenic signal processing.
Quantum Motion
On September 15, 2025, Quantum Motion delivered the first full-stack silicon CMOS quantum computer at the UK National Quantum Computing Centre, built on a 300-mm wafer process that integrates a quantum processing unit, cryogenic control electronics and a dilution refrigerator into a footprint of just three 19-inch racks. November 2025: Selected for DARPA Stage B of Quantum Benchmarking Initiative (up to $15M funding) for MOS-based silicon spin qubit technology, advancing toward utility-scale quantum computing by 2033. The system combines Quantum Motion's Quantum Processing Unit with a user interface and control stack compatible with Qiskit and Cirq, offering a complete data-centre-friendly solution that can be upgraded to larger processors without altering its physical envelope. This milestone demonstrates that a robust, functional quantum computer can be mass-produced using the same transistor technology underpinning conventional silicon chips. In October 2025, researchers at Quantum Motion achieved single-shot spin readout directly within a standard 22 nanometer integrated circuit, converting spin information into a measurable electrical signal with exceptional visibility exceeding 90% and observing millisecond spin relaxation times.
QUDORA
QUDORA is a German quantum computing developer specializing in trapped-ion quantum computers using Near-Field Quantum Control (NFQC) technology. The company's flagship NFQC technology relies on ions confined in electromagnetic traps and manipulated with finely tuned laser pulses, enabling room-temperature operation that reduces infrastructure costs compared to superconducting circuits requiring millikelvin temperatures. QUDORA's compact, scalable architecture allows dozens of ions to be entangled in a single chip-scale module to create fault-tolerant quantum processors capable of running complex algorithms in minutes with cloud-based workflow compatibility. In September 2025, QUDORA announced a strategic collaboration with South Korean research institutions and technology partners to establish quantum computing research centers in Seoul and Daejeon, focusing on quantum applications for advanced materials, battery technology, and semiconductor manufacturing, positioning South Korea as a key market for QUDORA's Asia-Pacific expansion strategy. In October 2025, QUDORA closed a strategic partnership with Kensho, a Taiwanese distributor, to accelerate quantum computing commercialization in Taiwan, combining QUDORA's trapped-ion platform with Kensho's deep ties to Taiwan's precision-manufacturing sector to bring quantum-enhanced tools into laboratories, factories, and corporate data centers across Asia-Pacific. The alliance generated significant attention at SEMICON Taiwan 2025, targeting applications in semiconductor design, pharmaceutical research, and industrial optimization while expanding QUDORA's presence beyond Europe into the strategically important Asia-Pacific market.
QuinStar Technology
QuinStar Technology manufactures cryogenic isolators, circulators, arrays, and amplifiers for millikelvin-range quantum computing applications with high-performance broadband components. The California company provides microwave components. QuinStar's cryogenic RF components enable signal routing, amplification, and isolation in quantum computing systems operating at ultra-low temperatures.
QULABS
Qulabs is a Hyderabad-based quantum computing company founded in 2018 providing AI-powered quantum computing solutions. Notable for creating India's first room temperature quantum memory operating at single photon level. Offers quantum simulator, memory devices, and QSDC protocols.
Quoherent
Quoherent is a pioneering quantum computing startup developing room-temperature quantum qubits using topological materials. The company raised $4.7M in funding led by Morpheus Ventures with participation from Draper Associates, Khosla Ventures, and Alpha Edison. Quoherent's technology represents a 'third-wave' approach to quantum computing, departing from conventional cryogenic requirements to enable the realization of mobile quantum computing solutions. Founded by Roberto DiSalvo (CEO), Alton Reich (COO), and David Carroll (CTO), the company is the result of a decade-long research collaboration with the Wake Forest Center for Nanotechnology and Quantum Materials. Quoherent's mission is to deploy the world's first high-fidelity, scalable quantum processors on mobile platforms by harnessing unique properties of topological materials for stable and scalable qubits that operate at room temperature.
QuSpin
QuSpin develops optically pumped magnetometers (OPM) for biomedical and geophysical applications, offering the first non-cryogenic replacement for superconducting magnetometers. Founded by Dr. Vishal Shah (PhD in atomic physics from University of Colorado Boulder), the company was established with NIH research funding. QuSpin's wearable OPM systems enable magnetoencephalography (MEG) for detecting neural activity without requiring cryogenic cooling. Their technology brings quantum sensing to practical field applications in brain imaging and resource exploration. QuSpin has established itself as a leader in compact, room-temperature quantum sensors with deployment across medical and scientific research facilities.
RadiaBeam Technologies
RadiaBeam Technologies is a Santa Monica, California-based company founded in 1999, specializing in advanced particle accelerator technologies with applications in quantum computing research. The company develops superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities and related components that have applications in quantum computing hardware, particularly for qubit cavity development and quantum sensing. RadiaBeam has received funding from the Department of Energy and works with national laboratories on advanced accelerator physics research. The company's expertise in precision electromagnetic systems and cryogenic technologies contributes to quantum hardware development efforts. 2025 Developments: The company continues to advance its quantum-relevant hardware capabilities in 2025, focusing on SRF cavity technologies and precision electromagnetic components for quantum computing applications.
Radiall
Radiall is a global manufacturer of interconnect solutions that has developed specialized cryogenic components for quantum computing applications. The company launched the F2C-40 Floating Cryogenic Cluster, a 40-pin high-density multi-coaxial solution providing excellent performance up to 18GHz in cryogenic environments for high qubit quantum computing devices. Radiall participates in France's QRYOLink R&D program (€8M budget, 54-month duration) supported by the French government, collaborating with Alice & Bob, cryostat manufacturers, and qubit developers. Their comprehensive quantum interconnect offering includes RF connectors, cable assemblies, attenuators, switches, and fiber optics. Radiall operates facilities in Grenoble, France's quantum hub.
RF Com CryoCoax
RF Com manufactures high-density microwave interconnects for quantum computers with SMPM connectors at 4.75mm pitch enabling 120 lines on ISO 100 plate. The Abingdon company specializes in cryogenic RF. RF Com's CryoCoax high-density interconnect solutions address the wiring bottleneck in scaling quantum computers, enabling thousands of control and readout lines in compact dilution refrigerator spaces.
Rigetti Computing
Rigetti Computing is a pioneer in superconducting quantum computing, publicly traded on NASDAQ (RGTI). Completed $350 million ATM equity offering in Q2 2025. Quanta Computer invested $35 million at $11.59/share (closed April 2025). Q3 2025 revenue: $1.95M (-18% YoY), net loss ~$201M (largely non-cash warrant charges). December 2025: Supporting NVIDIA's NVQLink platform to tightly couple AI supercomputers with quantum processors for hybrid workloads. Stock rose 300%+ YTD despite volatile November correction. Major institutional investors: Vanguard (+60.9%, 8.64M shares) and BlackRock (+39.4%, 5.97M shares). November 2025: Launched Cepheus-1-36Q, industry's first multi-chip quantum computer achieving 99.5% median two-qubit gate fidelity (2x improvement over Ankaa-3). Technology roadmap: 100+ qubit chiplet system at 99.5% fidelity by end 2025, 150+ qubits by 2026, 1,000+ qubits by 2027. September 2025: $5.8M Air Force Research Lab contract for quantum networking (with QphoX). DARPA Quantum Benchmarking Initiative Stage A (up to $1M). MOU with C-DAC India for hybrid quantum systems. Montana State University QCORE partnership with Novera QPU installation. Two Novera 9-qubit systems sold for $5.7M. Plans Italian subsidiary expansion. Strategic focus on government, research partnerships, and hardware commercialization. Analyst rating: Moderate Buy with $40.60 average price target.
RIKEN
RIKEN (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) is Japan's largest comprehensive research institution, operating the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC). Key partner with Fujitsu in Japan's quantum computing initiative. April 2025: RIKEN and Fujitsu launched 256-qubit superconducting quantum computer, extending partnership through March 2029. Rolling out access to companies and research institutions worldwide. Plans for 1,000-qubit computer at Fujitsu Technology Park in 2026. 2025 Developments: With QIQB and Fujitsu, achieved Japan's first fully domestically produced quantum computer including dilution refrigerator. RIKEN RQC is core partner of Q-STAR industry alliance (112 member companies including Toyota, NEC, Hitachi). Part of Japan's ¥1.05 trillion national quantum investment strategy designating 2025 as 'first year of quantum industrialization'.
Rosenberger Cryogenic Quantum
Rosenberger manufactures RF and mechanical components for cryogenic quantum technology including coax-sticks and sample pucks for dilution refrigerators. The Tittmoning company provides RF interconnects. Rosenberger's specialized cryogenic RF components enable signal transmission between room temperature electronics and quantum processors operating at millikelvin temperatures in dilution refrigerators.
Rotonium
Rotonium is an Italian deep-tech startup founded in 2022 that secured €1 million in seed funding led by Galaxia and CDP Venture Capital to advance single-photon qudit technology for room-temperature quantum computing. The company develops silicon photonics components that enable quantum computers to operate at room temperature, allowing for compact, versatile systems usable on Earth, in the air, and in space. Rotonium's technology is designed to operate in energy-constrained environments like space, positioning the company as a potential leader in edge quantum computing applications. The company focuses on quantum computing for space and edge applications where traditional cryogenic quantum computers are impractical, with plans to collaborate with universities and research centers to advance next-generation quantum processing capabilities. Rotonium's room-temperature approach using single-photon qudits represents a distinct architectural path from traditional superconducting and trapped-ion approaches, targeting specialized applications in aerospace and edge computing markets.
SAES Rial Vacuum
SAES Rial Vacuum specializes in designing, modeling, manufacturing, and testing advanced integrated vacuum systems for accelerators, quantum computing, and industrial applications. Originally founded as RIAL VACUUM RESEARCH in Parma in 1973, the company was reconstituted as SAES Rial Vacuum in 2015 and acquired by SAES Getters in October 2021, becoming fully integrated into the SAES Group in 2022. The company produces custom ultra-high vacuum chambers and components for quantum computing applications, leveraging decades of expertise in the ultra-high vacuum and cryogenic field. SAES Rial Vacuum operates a 1200 m² facility in Parma producing quantum chambers and UHV systems for leading scientific institutions.
SaxonQ
SaxonQ is a spin-off from the University of Leipzig developing diamond-based quantum computers with programmable qubit systems that operate at room temperature. Founded by professors Marius Grundmann and Jan Meijer from Leipzig University's Felix-Bloch-Institut für Festkörperphysik, the company has delivered NV-center quantum computers to DLR's Ulm Innovation Center as part of Project SuNQC. Their technology eliminates the need for cryogenic cooling, making quantum computers more accessible and deployable in any environment. SaxonQ operates Saxony's first mobile quantum computer at Fraunhofer IWU and focuses on making diamond-based quantum computing commercially viable.
SHI Cryogenics
SHI Cryogenics Group is a leading worldwide provider of innovative cryogenic and vacuum solutions, operating as an integral part of the Precision Equipment Division of Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. The company was formed through SHI's acquisition of IGC-APD Cryogenics, Inc. in 2002, bringing together two of the world's leading cryogenic companies. Headquartered in Allentown, Pennsylvania with manufacturing facilities in Tanashi, Japan; Allentown, Pennsylvania; and Batangas, Philippines, SHI Cryogenics serves the medical, semiconductor, flat panel, general coating, and research industries. The company's cryogenic equipment provides ultra-low temperature solutions critical for quantum computing systems, quantum sensors, and quantum research applications. SHI Cryogenics has collaborated with organizations like Quantum Design to advance quantum technologies, supplying cryogenic systems essential for maintaining the extremely cold operating environments required by superconducting qubits and other quantum devices. With decades of cryogenic engineering expertise, SHI Cryogenics is a key infrastructure provider to the quantum technology industry.
SK hynix
SK hynix Inc. is a South Korean memory semiconductor supplier founded in 1983, headquartered in Icheon, Gyeonggi Province. SK hynix explores quantum computing applications including quantum memory, quantum-classical hybrid systems, and semiconductor technologies for quantum control systems. The company investigates cryogenic memory solutions for quantum computers and semiconductor components for quantum computing infrastructure. SK hynix collaborates with quantum computing companies and research institutions developing semiconductor technologies for quantum systems. The company serves global semiconductor markets and quantum technology sector requiring memory solutions and semiconductor components for quantum-classical hybrid computing systems. SK hynix contributes to quantum computing infrastructure development advancing semiconductor technologies for quantum systems and quantum computing hardware representing South Korea semiconductor industry quantum technology involvement.
STAR Cryoelectronics
STAR Cryoelectronics manufactures SQUID sensors, readout electronics, cryogenic systems, cryogenic wires, LEMO connectors, and flexible cryo-cables for quantum applications. The Santa Fe company provides superconducting sensors and cryogenic wiring. STAR Cryoelectronics serves quantum computing and quantum sensing applications with SQUID-based measurement systems and specialized cryogenic cables and interconnects.
Stirling Cryogenics
Stirling Cryogenics is a Netherlands-based company founded in 1974, specializing in stand-alone cooling systems, liquid nitrogen plants, cryogenerators, cryogenic fans, and pumps for industrial and research applications. The company develops cryogenic cooling solutions for quantum computing infrastructure requiring ultra-low temperature environments and liquid nitrogen/helium cooling systems. Stirling Cryogenics manufactures cryogenic equipment supporting quantum processor operations, dilution refrigerators, and cryogenic research facilities. The company's cryogenic cooling systems enable stable ultra-low temperature environments essential for superconducting quantum computers and quantum research laboratories. Stirling Cryogenics serves quantum computing manufacturers, research institutions, and cryogenic equipment providers requiring reliable cryogenic cooling solutions for quantum processors operating at millikelvin temperatures. The company provides turnkey cryogenic plants and custom cryogenic solutions for large-scale quantum computing facilities and quantum research infrastructure.
SuperPower
SuperPower Inc., a subsidiary of Furukawa Electric Co. Ltd., is a leading manufacturer of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wire and tape based in Glenville, New York, founded in 2000. The company produces second-generation HTS wire using Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide (YBCO) technology for quantum computing and power applications. SuperPower manufactures superconducting materials essential for quantum computing infrastructure including superconducting qubits, quantum interconnects, and cryogenic systems operating at ultra-low temperatures. The company developed cost-effective mass production methods for HTS tapes with production capacities approaching 100 thousand kilometers per year. SuperPower serves quantum computing manufacturers, research institutions, and cryogenic equipment providers requiring high-performance superconducting wire for quantum processors, quantum communication systems, and quantum sensing applications demanding superior superconducting characteristics.
SV Microwave
SV Microwave is a world leader in RF/microwave industry headquartered in West Palm Beach, Florida, boasting over 50 years proven performance since founding in 1960. The company is a division of Amphenol Corporation (acquired May 1, 2005), designing and building RF interconnects used at room temperature and cryogenic temperatures for quantum computing applications. SV Microwave's non-magnetic components play key role in quantum computers, delivering high-performance reliable solutions for quantum computing, medical, and aerospace applications. Inside cryo-chambers, SV Microwave connectors and cables perform in extreme cold temperatures as low as zero degrees Kelvin with hermeticity between chandelier stages. The company provides non-magnetic RF connectors and interconnects essential for quantum processor operations, serving quantum computing manufacturers, research laboratories, and cryogenic equipment providers requiring specialized RF connectivity for quantum computers operating at ultra-low temperatures.
Thermal Space
Thermal Space is a Boulder, Colorado-based company founded in 2015 that designs and manufactures refrigerant and cryogenic cold plates used by NASA, the US military, government, and academic laboratories. The company provides critical cryogenic cooling solutions for quantum computing applications, which require temperatures reaching sub-10 millikelvin levels—colder than outer space's 2.7 K. Thermal Space's cryogenic cold plate technology supports the ultra-low temperature environments necessary for superconducting quantum circuits and qubits, which are basic processing units of quantum computers. The company's products have been deployed in NASA quantum research programs, including work related to Bose-Einstein condensates and cold atom laboratories. Thermal Space operates within the broader ecosystem of companies providing essential cryogenic cooling infrastructure enabling practical quantum computing systems and advanced physics research requiring extreme temperature control.
Twinleaf
Twinleaf develops precision magnetic field sensors and magnetometers using SERF (Spin Exchange Relaxation Free) technology. Founded by Dr. Thomas W. Kornack, who pioneered SERF magnetometer development during his work at Princeton University, the company produces highly sensitive quantum sensors for biomedical applications including live magnetocardiography. Their sensors enable portable, non-cryogenic alternatives to traditional SQUID magnetometers. Twinleaf's products serve research institutions and medical applications requiring ultra-sensitive magnetic field detection. The company maintains strong research collaborations with Princeton University and offers both magnetometers and magnetic shielding solutions.
ULVAC
ULVAC is developing next-generation dilution refrigerators specifically for quantum computing in partnership with IBM, with deployment planned for 2026. The company installed its first system supporting Japan's fully domestic quantum computer at Osaka University in April 2025, achieving stable 10 mK temperatures with modular architecture suitable for both research and scalable quantum systems. ULVAC's partnership with IBM includes testing at IBM's quantum data center in Poughkeepsie, New York, advancing the global supply chain for cryogenic quantum equipment.
ULVAC CRYOGENICS
ULVAC CRYOGENICS INC. is a Japanese company developing next-generation dilution refrigerators for quantum computers with input from IBM, strengthening Japan's domestic supply of cryogenic systems essential for quantum research and commercialization. ULVAC conducts evaluation tests in collaboration with IBM, including testing at IBM's quantum data center in Poughkeepsie, New York, with industry deployment scheduled for early 2026. The system features high cooling performance maintaining cryogenic temperatures at 10mK level, scalable modular design for future large-scale quantum environments, and in-house manufacturing of core components including dilution refrigerators, pulse-tube cryocoolers, and vacuum components. In April 2025, ULVAC installed a dilution refrigerator at the University of Osaka Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, supporting Japan's first fully domestically built quantum computer. ULVAC establishes domestic production framework to reduce dependence on overseas manufacturers.
VACOM
VACOM Vacuum Components and Measurement Technology GmbH is a leading European supplier of vacuum technology for quantum applications. Founded in 1992 by physicist Dr. Ute Bergner in Jena, the company relocated to Großlöbichau near Jena in 2016. VACOM supplies special vacuum chambers, specially coated optics, and ion getter pumps from their MERKURION product series. Their AluVaC technology products offer lightweight, extremely low-outgassing, and minimally magnetizable aluminum vacuum components ideal for quantum sensors, quantum computing, and quantum communication applications. With 370 employees and 53 trainees, VACOM has received public funding for quantum sensor projects including InnoVaQ and QUASENS, demonstrating active quantum R&D involvement.
VAT Group
VAT Group AG is an internationally active Swiss company for high-performance vacuum valves founded in 1965 by Siegfried Schertler in Flawil, St.Gallen, Switzerland, headquartered in Haag, canton of St. Gallen. VAT supplies vacuum and gas dosing valves for dilution refrigerators meeting special requirements for particularly precise and reliable operation achieving temperatures close to absolute zero for quantum computer components. By end of 2023 VAT held market share of around 75% in vacuum valves for semiconductor production serving semiconductor manufacturing, displays, and scientific research applications including quantum computing. VAT provides vacuum valve technologies for ultra-high vacuum and ultra-pure gas control in quantum computing cryogenic systems. VAT serves quantum computing manufacturers, research laboratories, and cryogenic equipment providers requiring high-precision vacuum valves for dilution refrigerators and quantum processor environments operating at millikelvin temperatures.
YQuantum
YQuantum is a Swiss quantum hardware startup founded in 2024 by Dr. Christian Jünger (CEO), Dr. Johannes Herrmann (CTO), and advised by Prof. em. Dr. Christian Schönenberger. The company is an official spinout from the University of Basel and is based at the Switzerland Innovation Park in Villigen. YQuantum develops miniaturized cryogenic hardware components for next-generation quantum computers, building cutting-edge components that can operate at extremely cold temperatures approaching a few thousandths of a degree Kelvin above absolute zero. The company's founders unite expertise from UC Berkeley, ETH Zurich, and the University of Basel. In 2024, YQuantum secured $150K (CHF 150,000) in seed funding from the Venture Kick initiative to advance its miniaturized hardware for scalable quantum computers. The company also established a strategic partnership with UC Berkeley, representing one of Berkeley's first major partnerships in the quantum computing industry, to jointly advance cryogenic hardware essential to next-generation quantum computers. YQuantum also partnered with Singapore-based Anyon Technologies to establish a European quantum testbed supporting application-driven research in AI, chemical engineering, and materials science. The company's mission is to provide tailored cryogenic components that enable quantum computing systems to scale effectively.
Zero Point Cryogenics
Zero Point Cryogenics (ZPC), based in Edmonton, is the only Canadian manufacturer of dilution refrigerators, growing rapidly to meet increasing demand for quantum computing cryogenics. In 2025, the company received a U.S. patent for a breakthrough Phase Separation Refrigerator enabling continuous cooling to 500 millikelvin without requiring large volumes of helium-3 - the first new cooling mechanism invented in sixty years. The system uses helium-3/helium-4 mixture with a simplified evaporation-based technique, with deployment to university and government labs starting Spring 2026. ZPC's Model I cryogen-free dilution refrigerator serves quantum computing and sensing research, and the company built a Canadian-made dilution refrigerator for the National Research Council. Products include premium customizable dilution refrigerators designed for quantum technology applications, addressing North American demand with shorter delivery times and local support compared to European suppliers.